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Risk factors for bacteriological quality of bulk tank milk in Prince Edward Island dairy herds. Part 2: Bacteria count-specific risk factors

A. M. Elmoslemany^*,, G. P. Keefe^*,,1, I. R. Dohoo^*, and B. M. Jayarao^#

^* Department of Health Management, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, C1A 4P3, Canada
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Egypt, PO Box 33516
Maritime Quality Milk, and
Centre for Veterinary Epidemiological Research, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, C1A 4P3, Canada
^# Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802

¹ Corresponding author: gkeefe{at}upei.ca

A case-control study was conducted to identify specific on-farm risk factors that influence bacteriological quality of bulk tank milk in Prince Edward Island dairy herds. Total aerobic (TAC), preliminary incubation (PIC), laboratory pasteurization (LPC), and coliform (CC) counts were used to assess the bacteriological quality of bulk tank milk. Four case-control groups were defined based on the last 6 results of each test before on farm evaluation. A herd was classified as a TAC, PIC, or CC case when the herd had at least 4 high TAC, PIC, or CC counts out of the last 6 analyses for each test, respectively. For the LPC case group, a herd was required to have at least 3 high results out of the last 6 analyses. Control groups had low counts in the last 6 analyses for each test in the corresponding case group (TAC, PIC, CC, and LPC). The results of the study showed that TAC and PIC were mainly associated with cow and stall hygiene: washing the teats with water, not using teat predip, and dirty teats were risk factors. The LPC and CC were related to equipment hygiene, with high counts being associated with low temperature of the cleaning solution, high water-hardness score, and high alkalinity of alkaline detergent wash. Based on the findings of this study it can be concluded that TAC, PIC, LPC, and CC counts are of considerable value in identifying practices that could influence milk quality.

Key Words: bulk tank milk • bacteria quality testing • risk factor