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Tracking Heat-Resistant, Cold-Thriving Fluid Milk Spoilage Bacteria from Farm to Packaged Product

Milk Quality Improvement Program, Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853

¹ Corresponding author: kjb4{at}cornell.edu

Control of psychrotolerant endospore-forming spoilage bacteria, particularly Bacillus and Paenibacillus spp., is economically important to the dairy industry. These microbes form endospores that can survive high-temperature, short-time pasteurization; hence, their presence in raw milk represents a major potential cause of milk spoilage. A previously developed culture-dependent selection strategy and an rpoB sequence-based subtyping method were applied to bacterial isolates obtained from environmental samples collected on a New York State dairy farm. A total of 54 different rpoB allelic types putatively identified as Bacillus (75% of isolates), Paenibacillus (24%), and Sporosarcina spp. (1%) were identified among 93 isolates. Assembly of a broader data set, including 93 dairy farm isolates, 57 raw milk tank truck isolates, 138 dairy plant storage silo isolates, and 336 pasteurized milk isolates, identified a total of 154 rpoB allelic types, representing an extensive diversity of Bacillus and Paenibacillus spp. Our molecular subtype data clearly showed that certain endospore-forming bacterial subtypes are present in the dairy farm environment as well as in the processing plant. The potential for entry of these ubiquitous heat-resistant spoilage organisms into milk production and processing systems, from the dairy farm to the processing plant, represents a considerable challenge that will require a comprehensive farm-to-table approach to fluid milk quality.

Key Words: milk • Bacillus • Paenibacillus • bacterial subtyping

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. L. Ranieri, J. R. Huck, M. Sonnen, D. M. Barbano, and K. J. Boor High temperature, short time pasteurization temperatures inversely affect bacterial numbers during refrigerated storage of pasteurized fluid milk J Dairy Sci, October 1, 2009; 92(10): 4823 - 4832. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. L. Ranieri and K. J. Boor Short communication: Bacterial ecology of high-temperature, short-time pasteurized milk processed in the United States J Dairy Sci, October 1, 2009; 92(10): 4833 - 4840. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]