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Genetics of Breeding Better Dairy Stock^*

Biological Laboratory of the Maine Agricultural Experiment Station, Orono, Maine

ABSTRACT

Better dairy stock suggests animals meeting the requirements of the breed association to which they may belong, free from physical defects, uniformly high in the production of milk and butter-fat, a conformation pleasing to the eye, and consistent in breeding performance. Genetic research has as one of its objectives the analysis of the laws of inheritance governing these characters. There would seem to be little doubt that such a genetic analysis will furnish the means by which the practical objective, better dairy stock, will be attained, as already we are indebted to the advances in this field for taking the gamble out of and making the results more consistent in breeding better varieties of many things.¹

The most obvious application of elementary genetics to these problems is that offered by the requirement of the black breeds that animals to be registered in them shall be black in color and nothing else. Spillman (1), Van Damme (2), Wilson (3), Lloyd-Jones and Eward (4), Gowen (5), Cole and Jones (6) and Temple-ton (7) have presented evidence to show the dominance of black over red with the segregation of black from red in a three to one ratio in the second generation.

^* Papers from the Biological Laboratory of the Maine Agricultural Experiment Station, No. 175.

¹ Gowen, John W. 1924. The application of the science of Genetics to the farmers'problems. Sci. Agr., i, 1–12.