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Effects of Feeding Propionibacteria to Dairy Cows on Milk Yield, Milk Components, and Reproduction¹

D. R. Stein^*, D. T. Allen^*, E. B. Perry^*, J. C. Bruner^*, K. W. Gates^*, T. G. Rehberger, K. Mertz, D. Jones^* and L. J. Spicer^*,2

^* Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078
Agtech Product Inc., Waukesha, WI 53186

² Corresponding author: igf1Leo{at}okstate.edu

Two weeks before parturition, 38 Holstein primiparous and multiparous cows were assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups: control animals (n = 13) received regular total mixed rations (TMR), the low-dose group (n = 14) received the control TMR plus 6 x 10¹⁰ cfu/cow of Propionibacterium strain P169 (P169), and the high-dose group (n = 11) received the control TMR plus 6 x 10¹¹ cfu/cow of P169 from –2 to 30 wk postpartum. Weekly milk samples were analyzed for percentage of milk fat, protein, lactose, and SNF, milk urea nitrogen, and somatic cell counts. Daily milk production expressed as 4% fat-corrected milk was affected by treatment and week x parity. High-dose and low-dose P169-treated cows exhibited 7.1 and 8.5% increases above controls in daily 4% fat-corrected milk, respectively. Treatment x parity and week significantly influenced percentage of milk fat, lactose, and protein, whereas treatment x parity and treatment x week influenced SNF. Ruminal propionate levels were influenced by treatment such that high-dose P169 cows had greater molar percentage of propionate than did low-dose P169 and control cows. Change in body weight postpartum was influenced by week x parity and treatment x parity such that high-dose and low-dose P169 multiparous cows exhibited a more rapid recovery of wk-1 body weight than did control multiparous cows. There was no treatment, parity, or interaction on days to first postpartum ovulation or on estrous behavior at 45 and 90 d postpartum. We concluded that P169 might have potential as an effective direct-fed microorganism to increase milk production in dairy cows.

Key Words: propionibacteria • direct-fed microorganism • milk production • estrous detection

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