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J. Dairy Sci. 88:3079-3083
© American Dairy Science Association, 2005.

Short Communication: Pasteurization of Milk Abolishes Bovine Herpesvirus 4 Infectivity

C. Bona1, B. Dewals1, L. Wiggers1, K. Coudijzer2, A. Vanderplasschen1 and L. Gillet1

1 Immunology-Vaccinology (B43b), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
2 Department of Animal Product Quality and Transformation Technology, Brusselsesteenweg 370, B-9090 Melle, Belgium

Corresponding author: Alain Vanderplasschen; e-mail: A.vdplasschen{at}ulg.ac.be.

Bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) is a gammaherpesvirus highly prevalent in the cattle population that has been isolated from the milk and the serum of healthy infected cows. Several studies reported the sensitivity and the permissiveness of some human cells to BoHV-4 infection. Moreover, our recent study demonstrated that some human cells sensitive but not permissive to BoHV-4 support a persistent infection protecting them from tumor necrosis factor-{alpha}–induced apoptosis. Together, these observations suggested that BoHV-4 could represent a danger for public health. To evaluate the risk of human infection by BoHV-4 through milk or serum derivatives, we investigated the resistance of BoHV-4 to the mildest thermal treatments usually applied to these products. The results demonstrated that milk pasteurization and thermal decomplementation of serum abolish BoHV-4 infectivity by inactivation of its property to enter permissive cells. Consequently, our results demonstrate that these treatments drastically reduce the risk of human infection by BoHV-4 through treated milk or serum derivatives.

Key Words: bovine herpesvirus 4 • milk • serum • pasteurization

Abbreviation key: BoHV-4 = bovine herpesvirus 4, EGFP = enhanced green fluorescent protein, MDBK = Madin-Darby bovine kidney, pfu = plaque-forming unit.






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