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Effects of Yeast Culture and Galacto-Oligosaccharides on Ruminal Fermentation in Holstein Cows

¹ Department of Animal Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 080-8555, Japan
² Faculty of Animal Science, Papua University Jl, Gunung Salju, Amban Manokwari–Irian Jaya Barat 98314, Indonesia
³ Yakult Central Institute for Microbiological Research, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan

Corresponding author: J. Takahashi; e-mail: junichi{at}obihiro.ac.jp.

Four nonlactating, ruminally cannulated Holstein cows were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square design, balanced for residual effects, to evaluate the effects of supplementing dairy cow diets with yeast culture (Trichosporon sericeum; YC), galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), or the mixture of YC and GOS on ruminal fermentation, microbial N supply, in situ degradation, and energy and nitrogen metabolism. Treatments were arranged in a 2 x 2 factorial as follows: 1) basal diet, 2) basal diet plus 10 g/d YC, 3) basal diet plus 2% GOS, 4) basal diet plus a mixture of 10 g/d YC and 2% GOS. Nitrogen losses in urine were lower, and retained N was higher, for cows supplemented with a mixture of YC and GOS. Ruminal pH was lower in cows supplemented with GOS alone compared with other treatments. Total VFA concentration was higher in cows fed control and GOS-supplemented diets than in those fed YC containing diets. The molar proportion of propionate was higher, and the molar proportion of acetate was lower, in cows fed control diets. Microbial N supply was higher in cows fed control diets. There were no major positive effects of supplements observed in this study. However, supplementation of a mixture of YC and GOS had a tendency for synergistic effects on N metabolism and in situ degradation of a soluble fraction of oat straw DM and CP of concentrates compared with supplementation of YC or GOS alone.

Key Words: yeast culture • galacto-oligosaccharides • ruminal fermentation • cow

Abbreviation key: DFM = direct-fed microbial, EMNS = efficiency of microbial N synthesis, GOS = galacto-oligosaccharide, ORP = oxidation reduction potential, YC = yeast culture.