| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Department of Animal Biotechnology, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno 89557
Corresponding author: H. S. Hussein; e-mail: hhussein{at}cabnr.unr.edu.
The main objective of this review was to assess the role of dairy cattle and their products in human infections with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). A large number of STEC strains (e.g., members of the serogroups O26, O91, O103, O111, O118, O145, and O166) have caused major outbreaks and sporadic cases of human illnesses that have ranged from mild diarrhea to the life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome. These illnesses were traced to O157 and non-O157 STEC. In most cases, STEC infection was attributed to consumption of ground beef or dairy products that were contaminated with cattle feces. Thus, dairy cattle are considered reservoirs of STEC and can impose a significant health risk to humans. The global nature of food supply suggests that safety concerns with beef and dairy foods will continue and the challenges facing the dairy industry will increase at the production and processing levels. In this review, published reports on STEC in dairy cattle and their products were evaluated to achieve the following specific objectives: 1) to assemble a database on human infections with STEC from dairy cattle, 2) to assess prevalence of STEC in dairy cattle, and 3) to determine the health risks associated with STEC strains from dairy cattle. The latter objective is critically important, as many dairy STEC isolates are known to be of high virulence. Fecal testing of dairy cattle worldwide showed wide ranges of prevalence rates for O157 (0.2 to 48.8%) and non-O157 STEC (0.4 to 74.0%). Of the 193 STEC serotypes of dairy cattle origin, 24 have been isolated from patients with hemolytic uremic syndrome. Such risks emphasize the importance and the need to develop long-term strategies to assure safety of foods from dairy cattle.
Key Words: foodborne pathogen • Escherichia coli • dairy cattle • Shiga toxin
Abbreviation key: eae = E. coli attaching and effacing gene, ehxA = enterohemolysin gene, HUS = hemolytic uremic syndrome, HUT = an untypeable H antigen, H– = nonmotile, OR = a rough O antigen, OUT = an untypeable O antigen, OX3 = the provisional designation for the O174 antigen, STEC = Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, Stx1 = Shiga toxin 1, stx1 = Shiga toxin 1 gene, Stx2 = Shiga toxin 2, stx2 = Shiga toxin 2 gene.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  M. A. Islam, A. S. Mondol, E. de Boer, R. R. Beumer, M. H. Zwietering, K. A. Talukder, and A. E. Heuvelink Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates from Slaughtered Animals in Bangladesh Appl. Envir. Microbiol., September 1, 2008; 74(17): 5414 - 5421. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. G. Oliveira, J. R. Feitosa Brito, R. R. Carvalho, B. E. C. Guth, T. A. T. Gomes, M. A. M. Vieira, M. A. M. F. Kato, I. I. Ramos, T. M. I. Vaz, and K. Irino Water Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) Identified as an Important Reservoir of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli in Brazil Appl. Envir. Microbiol., September 15, 2007; 73(18): 5945 - 5948. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Beutin, A. Miko, G. Krause, K. Pries, S. Haby, K. Steege, and N. Albrecht Identification of Human-Pathogenic Strains of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli from Food by a Combination of Serotyping and Molecular Typing of Shiga Toxin Genes Appl. Envir. Microbiol., August 1, 2007; 73(15): 4769 - 4775. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. S. Hussein Prevalence and pathogenicity of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in beef cattle and their products J Anim Sci, March 1, 2007; 85(13_suppl): E63 - E72. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. L. Gyles Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli: An overview J Anim Sci, March 1, 2007; 85(13_suppl): E45 - E62. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. E. Besser, N. Shaikh, N. J. Holt, P. I. Tarr, M. E. Konkel, P. Malik-Kale, C. W. Walsh, T. S. Whittam, and J. L. Bono Greater Diversity of Shiga Toxin-Encoding Bacteriophage Insertion Sites among Escherichia coli O157:H7 Isolates from Cattle than in Those from Humans Appl. Envir. Microbiol., February 1, 2007; 73(3): 671 - 679. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. M. Jayarao, S. C. Donaldson, B. A. Straley, A. A. Sawant, N. V. Hegde, and J. L. Brown A survey of foodborne pathogens in bulk tank milk and raw milk consumption among farm families in pennsylvania. J Dairy Sci, July 1, 2006; 89(7): 2451 - 2458. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Marcato, T. P. Griener, G. L. Mulvey, and G. D. Armstrong Recombinant Shiga Toxin B-Subunit-Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin Conjugate Vaccine Protects Mice from Shigatoxemia Infect. Immun., October 1, 2005; 73(10): 6523 - 6529. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
