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Effects of Monensin and Stage of Lactation on Variation of Blood Metabolites Within Twenty-Four Hours in Dairy Cows

¹ Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T 2N2, Canada
² Department of Animal and Poultry Science, and
³ Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
⁴ Elanco, A Division of Eli Lilly Inc., Guelph, ON, N1G 4T2, Canada

Corresponding author: J. C. Plaizier; e-mail: plaizier{at}ms.umanitoba.ca.

Effects of prepartum administration of a monensin controlled release capsule (CRC) and stage of lactation on variation of blood metabolites within 24 h were determined in 16 dairy cows. Cows were fed a total mixed ration ad libitum twice daily at 0700 and 1300 h. At calving, cows were switched from a close-up dry cow diet to a lactating cow diet. Cows were blood sampled every 3 h for 24 h at 3 stages of lactation, including 1 wk before calving (wk –1), 1 wk after calving (wk 1), and 6 wk after calving (wk 6). Serum concentrations of glucose, ß-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and urea exhibited significant variation within 24 h. Glucose and NEFA were, respectively, 0.09 and 0.08 mM lower between 1030 and 2230 h than between 2230 and 1030 h. ß-Hydroxybutyrate and urea were, respectively, 95.1 and 0.49 mM higher between 1030 and 2230 h than between 2230 and 1030 h. Monensin did not significantly affect glucose, NEFA, and urea in this study. Monensin reduced BHBA at wk 1, but not at wk –1 or wk 6. Glucose was lower and BHBA and NEFA were higher at wk 1 compared with wk –1 and wk 6. Urea was higher at wk 6 compared with wk –1. The variation within 24 h of glucose, BHBA, and NEFA were not affected by monensin and stage of lactation. Diurnal variation of urea was affected by stage of lactation, but not by monensin.

Key Words: variation within 24 h • blood metabolites • lactation stage • monensin

Abbreviation key: CRC = controlled release capsule

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