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1 Department of Primary Industries, DPI-Kyabram, Kyabram, Victoria 3620, Australia
2 Dexcel Ltd., Hamilton, New Zealand
3 The University of Melbourne, Institute of Land and Food Resources, Parkville Victoria 3052, Australia
Corresponding author: W. J. Wales; e-mail: bill.wales{at}dpi.vic.gov.au.
Dairy cows grazing high-digestibility pastures exhibit pronounced diurnal variation in ruminal pH, with pH being below values considered optimal for digestion. Using a dual-flow continuous culture system, the hypothesis that minimizing diurnal variation in pH would improve digestion of pasture when pH was low, but not at a higher pH, was tested. Four treatments were imposed, with pH either allowed to exhibit normal diurnal variation around an average pH of 6.1 or 5.6, or maintained at constant pH. Digesta samples were collected during the last 3 d of each of four, 9-d experimental periods. A constant pH at 5.6 compared with a constant pH of 6.1 reduced the digestibility of organic matter (OM), neutral detergent (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) by 7, 14, and 21%, respectively. When pH was allowed to vary (averaging 5.6), digestion of OM, NDF, and ADF were reduced by 15, 30, and 36%, respectively, compared with pH varying at 6.1. There was little difference in digestion parameters when pH was either constant or varied with an average pH of 6.1. However, when average pH was 5.6, maintaining a constant pH significantly increased digestion of OM, NDF, and ADF by 5, 25, and 24% compared with a pH that exhibited normal diurnal variation. These in vitro results show that gains in digestibility and potential milk production can be made by minimizing diurnal variation in ruminal pH, but only when ruminal pH is low (5.6). However, larger gains in productivity can be achieved by increasing average daily ruminal pH from 5.6 to 6.1.
Key Words: ruminal pH • pasture • diurnal variation • digestibility
Abbreviation key: DOMD = organic matter digestibility of DM, C5.6 = constant pH of 5.6, C6.1 = constant pH of 6.1, ME = metabolizable energy, V5.6 = normal diurnal variation at an average pH of 5.6, V6.1 = normal diurnal variation at an average pH of 6.1, respectively
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