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1 US Department of Agriculture, Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, PA 19038
2 Department of Food Science, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo 93407
3 Gala Design, Middleton, WI 53562
4 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52240
5 Fonterra Research Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand
6 Department of Animal Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546
7 Masterfoods USA, Burr Ridge, IL 60527
8 Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte Anne de Bellevue, PQ, Canada H9X 3V9
9 Department of Food Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695
Corresponding author: H. M. Farrell, Jr.; e-mail: hfarrell{at}errc.ars.usda.gov.
This report of the American Dairy Science Association Committee on the Nomenclature, Classification, and Methodology of Milk Proteins reviews changes in the nomenclature of milk proteins necessitated by recent advances of our knowledge of milk proteins. Identification of major caseins and whey proteins continues to be based upon their primary structures. Nomenclature of the immunoglobulins consistent with new international standards has been developed, and all bovine immunoglobulins have been characterized at the molecular level. Other significant findings related to nomenclature and protein methodology are elucidation of several new genetic variants of the major milk proteins, establishment by sequencing techniques and sequence alignment of the bovine caseins and whey proteins as the reference point for the nomenclature of all homologous milk proteins, completion of crystallographic studies for major whey proteins, and advances in the study of lactoferrin, allowing it to be added to the list of fully characterized milk proteins.
Key Words: milk protein • structure • nomenclature • review
Abbreviation key: C = constant, EIMS = electrospray ionization MS, H = heavy chain, HSA = human SA, L = light chain, LF = lactoferrin, MS = mass spectroscopy, NMR = nuclear magnetic resonance, SA = serum albumin, V = variable
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