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On-Farm Management Decisions to Improve Beef Quality of Market Dairy Cows^*,

C. A. Rogers^1,, A. C. Fitzgerald^1,, M. A. Carr², B. R. Covey¹, J. D. Thomas¹ and M. L. Looper^1,||

¹ Department of Animal and Range Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces 88003
² Department of Agriculture, Angelo State University, San Angelo, TX 76909

A 3-phase study was conducted to assess on-farm management decisions to reduce antibiotic residue violations and improve carcass characteristics in market (cull) dairy cows. In Phase 1, questionnaires were mailed to dairy producers (n = 142) to determine current on-farm management strategies for reducing antibiotic residues in market dairy cattle. In Phase 2, Holstein market cows (n = 77) were assigned randomly to each of the 3 feeding treatments (0, 30, or 60 d). Average daily gain (ADG), body condition score (BCS), and carcass characteristics were assessed. Phase 3 determined the meat withdrawal time of Holstein cows (n = 62) administered procaine penicillin G. Eighty-six percent of dairy farms responding to the questionnaire had at least one cow condemned annually, and no producer had a designated feeding protocol for market cows prior to selling. In Phase 2, ADG was greater in cows fed for 30 d (1.4 ± 0.6 kg/d) than in cows fed for 60 d (0.9 ± 0.4 kg/d). Additional feeding did not influence the carcass characteristics studied with the exception of kidney, pelvic and heart fat, which was higher in cows fed for 60 d compared with those fed for 0 and 30 d. In Phase 3, 31% of cows treated with procaine penicillin G exceeded the 10-d label withdrawal recommendation by an average of 3.1 ± 1.9 d. Feeding market cows may not influence carcass characteristics, but can increase ADG and may ensure that recommended meat withdrawal times for antibiotics are exceeded.

Key Words: dairy cow • carcass characteristic • antibiotic • additional feeding

Abbreviation key: ADG = average daily gain, BCS = body condition score, HCW = hot carcass weight, LMA = longissimus muscle area, %KPH = percentage kidney, pelvic, and heart fat

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