| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Metabolic Diseases and Immunology Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA 50010
Corresponding author: J. P. Goff; e-mail: jgoff{at}nadc.ars.usda.gov.
High cation diets can cause milk fever in dairy cows as they induce a metabolic alkalosis reducing the ability of the cow to maintain calcium homeostasis at the onset of lactation. Adding anions to the diet can offset the effect of the high cation forages by inducing a mild metabolic acidosis, restoring the ability to maintain calcium homeostasis. The difference in mEq of dietary cations and anions (DCAD) is most often expressed as (Na+ + K+) – (Cl– + S– –). This equation implies that a mEq of chloride and a mEq of sulfate are equipotent in their ability to alter acid-base balance of the cow. Using blood and urine pH to monitor effects on acid-base balance, experiments were conducted to test the relative acidifying activity of various sulfate and chloride anion sources in nonpregnant, nonlactating Jersey cows. Across all experiments, chloride proved to have about 1.6 times the acidifying activity of sulfate. Calcium and magnesium, ignored by the common DCAD equation, had a small but significant alkalinizing effect when accompanying chloride or sulfate. The ranking of the anion sources tested at a dose of 2 Eq/d, from most to least potent urine acidifier, was hydrochloric acid, ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, and sulfur. These data should allow more accurate prediction of the response of late gestation cows to dietary cation-anion manipulation.
Key Words: milk fever • anionic salts • chloride • sulfate
Abbreviation key: DCAD = dietary cation-anion difference, SBE = standard base excess
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  A. Liesegang Influence of Anionic Salts on Bone Metabolism in Periparturient Dairy Goats and Sheep J Dairy Sci, June 1, 2008; 91(6): 2449 - 2460. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Charbonneau, P. Y. Chouinard, G. F. Tremblay, G. Allard, and D. Pellerin Hay to Reduce Dietary Cation-Anion Difference for Dry Dairy Cows J Dairy Sci, April 1, 2008; 91(4): 1585 - 1596. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Pelletier, G. F. Tremblay, G. Belanger, M. H. Chantigny, P. Seguin, R. Drapeau, and G. Allard Nutritive Value of Timothy Fertilized with Chloride or Chloride-Containing Liquid Swine Manure J Dairy Sci, February 1, 2008; 91(2): 713 - 721. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Pelletier, G. Belanger, G. F. Tremblay, M. H. Chantigny, and G. Allard Dietary Cation Anion Difference and Tetany Index of Timothy Forage Fertilized with Liquid Swine Manure Agron. J., January 11, 2008; 100(1): 213 - 220. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. E. Las, N. E. Odongo, M. I. Lindinger, O. AlZahal, A. K. Shoveller, J. C. Matthews, and B. W. McBride Effects of dietary strong acid anion challenge on regulation of acid-base balance in sheep J Anim Sci, September 1, 2007; 85(9): 2222 - 2229. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. L. Swift, S. Bittman, D. E. Hunt, and C. G. Kowalenko The Effect of Formulation and Amount of Potassium Fertilizer on Macromineral Concentration and Cation-Anion Difference in Tall Fescue J Dairy Sci, February 1, 2007; 90(2): 1063 - 1072. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. F. Tremblay, H. Brassard, G. Belanger, P. Seguin, R. Drapeau, A. Bregard, R. Michaud, and G. Allard Dietary Cation Anion Difference of Five Cool-Season Grasses Agron. J., March 2, 2006; 98(2): 339 - 348. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Charbonneau, D. Pellerin, and G. R. Oetzel Impact of Lowering Dietary Cation-Anion Difference in Nonlactating Dairy Cows: A Meta-Analysis J Dairy Sci, February 1, 2006; 89(2): 537 - 548. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
