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Moderate Inflammatory Reaction During Experimental Escherichia coli Mastitis in Primiparous Cows

Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiology, Biochemistry, and Biometrics, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium

Corresponding author: C. Burvenich; e-mail: christian.burvenich{at}UGent.be.

Nineteen primiparous cows were experimentally infected in 2 quarters with 1 x 10⁴ (group A) or 1 x 10⁶ (group B) cfu of Escherichia coli P4:O32 per quarter within 2 to 4 wk after parturition. Blood and milk samples were collected from all primiparous cows at regular time intervals from d -4 to d +3 relative to inoculation. Milk production rapidly decreased in both groups during E. coli mastitis, but recovery appeared to be faster in group B at d + 1 postinfusion (p.i.). The milk production losses in the noninfected quarters were substantial on the day of inoculation, which is probably due to pronounced systemic effects. However, on d + 2 p.i. milk production in the noninfected quarters nearly reached preinfection levels, indicating a moderate clinical severity following intramammary inoculation. None of the other severity criteria evolved towards a severe response pattern. Reticulorumen motility was inhibited in both groups during E. coli mastitis. The clinical episode was short lasting in both groups. Rectal temperature, heart rate, blood leukocyte count, number of colony-forming units, milk somatic cell count and several indicators for the disintegration of the blood-milk barrier returned to normal values within 24 to 72 h p.i. Primiparous cows reacted with a moderate inflammatory response following intramammary infusion with a relatively high dose of E. coli. Despite the use of a high inoculum dose, primiparous cows in both groups showed pronounced resistance against severe intramammary E. coli infection. A possible effect of the inoculum dose could be present, however, further research into the effect of the inoculum dose on the inflammatory response should be performed.

Key Words: primiparous dairy cow • Escherichia coli • mastitis • inoculum size • early lactation

Abbreviation key: BLC = blood leukocyte count, HR = heart rate, MP = milk production, PCV = packed cell volume, p.i. = postinfusion, PIH = postinfusion hour, QMP = quarter milk production, ROS = reactive oxygen species, RR = respiration rate, RT = rectal temperature

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