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1 Institut für Tierzucht und Tierhaltung, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
2 Forschungsinstitut für die Biologie landwirtschaftlicher Nutztiere, D-18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
3 Institut für Tierzucht und Haustiergenetik der Justus-Liebig-Universität, D-35390 Gießen, Germany
4 Lehrstuhl für Tierzucht, Technische Universität München, D-85354 Freising, Germany
5 Vereinigte Informationssysteme Tierhaltung w.V., D-27283 Verden, Germany
Corresponding author: J. Bennewitz; e-mail: jbennewitz{at}tierzucht.uni-kiel.de.
The gene, acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase1 (DGAT1), was recently identified as the one underlying the quantitative trait locus (QTL) for milk production traits in the centromeric region of the bovine chromosome 14. Until now, 2 alleles, the lysine variant (increasing fat yield, fat and protein percentage) and the alanine variant (increasing protein and milk yield), were postulated at DGAT1. This study investigated whether the diallelic DGAT1 polymorphism is responsible for all the genetic variation at the centromeric region of this chromosome for milk, fat, and protein yield and fat and protein percentage. A statistical model was applied to a granddaughter design to analyze 16 German Holstein families. The model included the diallelic DGAT1 effect and the QTL transition probability estimated for each chromosomal position by a multiple marker approach. Because the regression coefficient of this probability was corrected for the diallelic DGAT1 polymorphism, it represented a putative conditional QTL effect. The effect of the DGAT1 gene was always highly significant. The conditional QTL effect was significant genomewise for fat percentage at the proximal end of the chromosome and for protein percentage at a more distal chromosomal region. Additional chromosomewise significance was found for fat and protein yield. Our results suggest an additional source of genetic variance on this chromosome for these traits; either one or more additional alleles segregating at DGAT1 that were not previously detected, a second quantitative trait locus affecting these traits, or both.
Key Words: DGAT1 • multiple allele • quantitative trait locus • dairy cattle
Abbreviation key: DGAT1 = acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase1, DYD = daughter yield deviation, K232A = lysine to alanine substitution
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