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1 Dexcel Ltd., Private Bag 3221, Hamilton, New Zealand
2 Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
New Zealand Holstein-Friesian cows (n = 4) were used to quantify the importance of endogenous synthesis of cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) via 
9-desaturase in cows fed a fresh pasture diet. The experiment was a 4 x 4 Latin square design with treatments arranged in a 2 x 2 factorial. Treatments lasted 4 d and were pasture only, pasture plus sterculic oil, pasture plus sunflower oil, and pasture plus sunflower oil plus sterculic oil. Abomasal infusion of sterculic oil inhibited 9-desaturase and decreased the concentration of cis-9, trans-11 CLA in milk fat by 70%. Using the changes in cis-9 10:1, cis-9 12:1 and cis-9 14:1 to correct for incomplete inhibition of 9-desaturase, a minimum estimate of 91% of cis-9, trans-11 CLA in milk fat was produced endogenously in cows fed fresh pasture. Dietary supplementation of a pasture diet with sunflower oil increased the proportion of long chain fatty acids in milk fat; however, the increase in vaccenic acid concentration was small (18%) and there was no increase in cis-9, trans-11 CLA concentration. Overall, results show that endogenous synthesis is responsible for more than 91% of the cis-9, trans-11 CLA secreted in milk fat of cows fed fresh pasture. However, the failure of plant oil supplements to increase the concentration of cis-9, trans-11 CLA in milk fat from pasture-fed cows requires further investigation.
Key Words: conjugated linoleic acid • 9-desaturase • milk fat • pasture
Abbreviation key: CLA = conjugated linoleic acid, DOM = digestible organic matter, ME = metabolizable energy, PAS = pasture treatment, PAS+SO = pasture plus sterculic oil treatment, PAS+SFO = pasture plus sunflower oil treatment, PAS+SFO+SO = pasture plus sunflower oil plus sterculic oil treatment, VA = vaccenic acid
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