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J. Dairy Sci. 87:E47-E54
© American Dairy Science Association, 2004.

Insulin-like Growth Factor-I and Piglet Intestinal Development*,{dagger}

S. M. Donovan1, J. L. Hartke1, M. H. Monaco1 and M. B. Wheeler2,3

1 Division of Nutritional Sciences,
2 Department of Animal Sciences, and
3 Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801

Corresponding author: S. M. Donovan; e-mail: sdonovan{at}uiuc.edu.

Porcine milk contains hormones and growth factors that stimulate piglet intestinal growth and development. Milk-borne insulin-like growth-factor-I (IGF-I) has received considerable attention. In swine, IGF-I concentrations range from 0.10 to 0.4 mg/L in colostrum and approximately 0.01 to 0.04 mg/L in mature milk. Two experimental approaches have been utilized to investigate the role of orally administered IGF-I in neonatal intestinal development. In the first approach, piglets were reared on sow milk replacer formulas containing recombinant human IGF-I (rhIGF-I) at concentrations of 0.1 to 12 mg/L. The advantage of this approach is that specific effects of IGF-I can be assessed in the absence of other bioactive components, changes in milk composition, and other environmental factors. However, the applicability to swine production is limited. A second approach has been to develop transgenic mice or swine that overexpress IGF-I in milk under the direction of promoter regulatory elements of milk proteins to result in animals experiencing mammary specific overexpression of IGF-I during lactation. Herein, the effect of orally administered IGF-I on neonatal intestinal development in artificial rearing studies, as well as studies utilizing transgenic overexpression of IGF-I in milk, was reviewed. Both rhIGF-I in formula or transgenic IGF-I overexpression increased villus growth and disaccharidase activity; however, these effects were primarily observed late in the suckling period (d 21 postpartum) in piglets suckling IGF-I transgenic sows. We speculate that piglets suckling IGF-I transgenic sows may have improved intestinal health during the weaning transition.

Key Words: IGF-I • intestine • lactase • piglet • transgenic

Abbreviation key: BB-LPH = insertion of the active enzyme into the brush border membrane, IGFBP = insulin-like growth factor binding proteins, LPH = lactase phlorizin hydrolase, Na+-K+-ATPase = sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase, proLPH = precursor isoforms of lactase, triphosphatase, Tg = transgenic






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