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J. Dairy Sci. 87:3629-3637
© American Dairy Science Association, 2004.

Calcium, Zinc, and Iron Bioavailabilities from a Commercial Human Milk Fortifier: A Comparison Study

P. Etcheverry1, J. C. Wallingford2, D. D. Miller1 and R. P. Glahn3

1 Department of Food Science, Stocking Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
2 Wyeth Nutritionals International, 500 Arcola Rd., Collegeville, PA 19426
3 U.S. Plant, Soil, and Nutrition Lab, Tower Road, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853

Corresponding author: R. P. Glahn; e-mail: rpg3{at}cornell.edu.

Adding human milk fortifiers (HMF) to human milk (HM) is one way of overcoming the nutrient deficits found in the latter. In this study, the bioavailabilities of calcium, zinc, and iron in S-26/SMA HMF added to HM were compared with those in HM fortified with various bovine milk proteins: {alpha}-lactalbumin, colostrum, caseinate, casein phosphopeptides, and whey protein concentrate. The bioavailability of each mineral was assessed using an in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell culture model. Calcium and zinc uptake by the cells was traced with radioisotopes; iron uptake was assessed via cell ferritin levels. Samples were prepared on an equal protein content basis and with added calcium, but no zinc or iron was added. Results revealed that calcium uptake from HM + S-26/SMA was not different from any of the HM fortified with the bovine milk proteins, except for unfortified HM and HM + colostrum in which calcium uptake was significantly lower (–89 and –38%, respectively). Uptake of zinc and iron were significantly higher for HM + S-26/SMA than for the other HM + fortifiers.

Key Words: calcium • zinc • iron • bioavailability

Abbreviation key: AA = ascorbic acid, CPP = casein phosphopeptides, HM = human milk, HMF = HM fortifier, LSC = liquid scintillation counter, MEM = minimum essential medium, WPC = whey protein concentrate, {gamma}C = gamma counter






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