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Uterine Involution and Fertility of Holstein Cows Subsequent to Early Postpartum PGF2 Treatment for Acute Puerperal Metritis^*

¹ College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610
² North Florida Holstein, Inc., Bell, FL 32619

Corresponding author: P. Melendez; e-mail: melendezp{at}mail.vetmed.ufl.edu.

The objective was to evaluate the effect of 2 doses of PGF₂ injected early postpartum on uterine involution, serum concentration of acute phase proteins at 12 d postpartum, and fertility in Holstein cows with acute puerperal metritis. Only cows diagnosed with retained fetal membranes and metritis and treated with ceftiofur hydrochloride for 5 d were used in the study. Two hundred cows were assigned randomly to be treated (n = 100) or to serve as controls (n = 100). Treatment consisted of 2 i.m. injections of PGF₂ 8 h apart on d 8 postpartum. A subsample of 90 cows was selected randomly (45 treated cows; 45 controls) to evaluate uterine diameter using ultrasonography, uterine score, and serum concentrations of acute phase proteins at 12 d postpartum. The outcome variable for all cows was conception rate at first service. Postpartum, primiparous, treated cows had smaller uterine diameters and lower uterine scores than controls. Cows with a uterine diameter <5.1 cm at 12 d postpartum were 5.5 times more likely to conceive at first service than cows with larger uterine horn diameter. Treatment significantly reduced the concentrations of serum 1-acid glycoprotein. Within primiparous cows, treatment also increased conception at first service by 17%. It was concluded that 2 doses of PGF₂ 8 h apart at 8 d postpartum in primiparous cows with acute puerperal metritis decreased the diameter of uterine horns and serum concentration of 1-acid glycoprotein at 12 d postpartum and increased the conception rate at first service.

Key Words: acute puerperal metritis • PGF₂ • fertility • uterine involution

Abbreviation key: APM = acute puerperal metritis, CRFS = conception rate at first service, OR = odds ratio, RFM = retained fetal membranes.

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