| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
* Department of Veterinary Anatomy;
Department of Farm Animal Health; and
Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80158, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
|| Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, University of Technology, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
Corresponding author: P. P. J. van der Tol; e-mail: R.vanderTol{at}vet.uu.nl.
The pressure distribution under the bovine claw while walking was measured to test the hypotheses that the vertical ground reaction force is unevenly distributed and makes some (regions of the) claws more prone to injuries due to overloading than others. Each limb of nine recently trimmed Holstein Friesian cows was measured five times while walking over a Footscan pressure plate firmly embedded on a Kistler force plate. The pressure plate had a spatial resolution of 2.6 sensors/cm2 and was sampled simultaneously with the force plate with a temporal resolution of 250 measurements/s. Five moments during the stance phase were selected on basis of the force plate recording for the analysis of the pressure distribution: heel strike, maximum braking, midstance, maximum propulsion, and push off. At the forelimbs, the vertical ground reaction force was equally distributed between medial and lateral claw. At the hind limbs at heel strike, the force was exerted almost completely to the lateral claw. During the rest of the stance phase the load shifted towards the medial claw, until, at push off, it was more or less equally divided between both claws. The average pressures determined were 50 to 80 N/cm2. Maximum pressures increased from 90 to 110 N/cm2 at heel strike to 180 to 200 N/cm2 at push off. It was concluded that at the hind limb these pressures constitute a major threat to overloading particularly for the softer parts of the lateral claw, e.g., the sole and bulb area.
Key Words: dairy cattle • lameness • horn • biomechanics
Abbreviation key: GRF = ground reaction force
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  E. Telezhenko, C. Bergsten, M. Magnusson, M. Ventorp, and C. Nilsson Effect of Different Flooring Systems on Weight and Pressure Distribution on Claws of Dairy Cows J Dairy Sci, May 1, 2008; 91(5): 1874 - 1884. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Platz, F. Ahrens, J. Bendel, H. H. D. Meyer, and M. H. Erhard What Happens with Cow Behavior When Replacing Concrete Slatted Floor by Rubber Coating: A Case Study J Dairy Sci, March 1, 2008; 91(3): 999 - 1004. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Dyer, N. K. Neerchal, U. Tasch, Y. Wu, P. Dyer, and P. G. Rajkondawar Objective Determination of Claw Pain and Its Relationship to Limb Locomotion Score in Dairy Cattle J Dairy Sci, October 1, 2007; 90(10): 4592 - 4602. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. V. Kremer, S. Nueske, A. M. Scholz, and M. Foerster Comparison of Claw Health and Milk Yield in Dairy Cows on Elastic or Concrete Flooring J Dairy Sci, October 1, 2007; 90(10): 4603 - 4611. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. W. Meyer, M. A. Weishaupt, and K. A. Nuss Gait Pattern of Heifers Before and After Claw Trimming: A High-Speed Cinematographic Study on a Treadmill J Dairy Sci, February 1, 2007; 90(2): 670 - 676. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. G. Rajkondawar, M. Liu, R. M. Dyer, N. K. Neerchal, U. Tasch, A. M. Lefcourt, B. Erez, and M. A. Varner Comparison of models to identify lame cows based on gait and lesion scores, and limb movement variables. J Dairy Sci, November 1, 2006; 89(11): 4267 - 4275. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. P. J. van der Tol, J. H. M. Metz, E. N. Noordhuizen-Stassen, W. Back, C. R. Braam, and W. A. Weijs Frictional Forces Required for Unrestrained Locomotion in Dairy Cattle J Dairy Sci, February 1, 2005; 88(2): 615 - 624. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. G. C. J. Somers, W. G. P. Schouten, K. Frankena, E. N. Noordhuizen-Stassen, and J. H. M. Metz Development of Claw Traits and Claw Lesions in Dairy Cows Kept on Different Floor Systems J Dairy Sci, January 1, 2005; 88(1): 110 - 120. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. J. Collis, L. E. Green, R. W. Blowey, A. J. Packington, and R. H. C. Bonser Testing White Line Strength in the Dairy Cow J Dairy Sci, September 1, 2004; 87(9): 2874 - 2880. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Ceballos, D. Sanderson, J. Rushen, and D. M. Weary Improving Stall Design: Use of 3-D Kinematics to Measure Space Use by Dairy Cows when Lying Down J Dairy Sci, July 1, 2004; 87(7): 2042 - 2050. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. P. J. van der Tol, S.S. van der Beek, J. H. M. Metz, E. N. Noordhuizen-Stassen, W. Back, C. R. Braam, and W. A. Weijs The Effect of Preventive Trimming on Weight Bearing and Force Balance on the Claws of Dairy Cattle J Dairy Sci, June 1, 2004; 87(6): 1732 - 1738. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
