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School of Molecular Sciences, Victoria University, Werribee Campus, PO Box 14428 Melbourne City Mail Centre, Victoria 8001 Australia
Corresponding author:
N. P. Shah; e-mail:
Nagendra.Shah{at}vu.edu.au.
Nineteen bacteriological media were evaluated to assess their suitability to selectively enumerate Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, bifidobacteria, and propionibacteria. Bacteriological media evaluated included Streptococcus thermophilus agar, pH modified MRS agar, MRS-vancomycine agar, MRS-bile agar, MRS-NaCl agar, MRS-lithium chloride agar, MRS-NNLP (nalidixic acid, neomycin sulfate, lithium chloride and paramomycine sulfate) agar, reinforced clostridial agar, sugar-based (such as maltose, galactose, sorbitol, manitol, esculin) media, sodium lactate agar, arabinose agar, raffinose agar, xylose agar, and L. casei agar. Incubations were carried out under aerobic and anaerobic conditions at 27, 30, 37, 43, and 45°C for 24, 72 h, and 7 to 9 d. S. thermophilus agar and aerobic incubation at 37°C for 24 h were suitable for S. thermophilus. L. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus could be enumerated using MRS agar (pH 4.58 or pH 5.20) and under anaerobic incubation at 45°C for 72 h. MRS-vancomycine agar and anaerobic incubation at 43°C for 72 h were suitable to enumerate L. rhamnosus. MRS-vancomycine agar and anaerobic incubation at 37°C for 72 h were selective for L. casei. To estimate the counts of L. casei by subtraction method, counts of L. rhamnosus on MRS-vancomycine agar at 43°C for 72 h under anaerobic incubation could be subtracted from total counts of L. casei and L. rhamnosus enumerated on MRS-vancomycine agar at 37°C for 72 h under anaerobic incubation. L. acidophilus could be enumerated using MRS-agar at 43°C for 72 h or Basal agar-maltose agar at 43°C for 72 h or BA-sorbitol agar at 37°C for 72 h, under anaerobic incubation. Bifidobacteria could be enumerated on MRS-NNLP agar under anaerobic incubation at 37°C for 72 h. Propionibacteria could be enumerated on sodium lactate agar under anaerobic incubation at 30°C for 7 to 9 d. A subtraction method was most suitable for counting propionibacteria in the presence of other lactic acid bacteria from a product. For this method, counts of lactic bacteria at d 3 on sodium lactate agar under anaerobic incubation at 30°C were subtracted from counts at d 7 of lactic bacteria and propionibacteria.
Key Words: Lactobacillus acidophilus • Lactobacillus casei • Lactobacillus rhamnosus • propionibacteria
Abbreviation key: BA = basal agar, NNLP = nalidixic acid, neomycine sulfate, lithium chloride and paromomycine sulfate, ST agar = Streptococcus thermophilus agar, RCA = reinforced clostridial agar, RSM = reconstituted skim milk
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