| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
* Dexcel Limited, Private Bag 3221, Hamilton, New Zealand
Animal Health Centre, PO Box 21, Morrinsville, New Zealand
Department of Animal Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA
University of Melbourne, Veterinary Clinical Centre, 250 Princes Highway, Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia
Corresponding author:
F. M. Rhodes; e-mail:
rhodesf{at}wave.co.nz.
Cows with an extended interval from calving to first ovulation (PPI) have increased intervals from calving to conception and are more likely to be culled compared with cows with a short PPI. In year-round calving dairy herds, between 11 and 38% of cows are reported as anestrus by 50 or 60 d after calving. In seasonally calving dairy herds, between 13 and 48% of cows are diagnosed as anovulatory anestrus at the start of the breeding period. Ovulation and estrus after calving are delayed when the positive feedback effects of estradiol on release of LH from the pituitary, and circulating concentrations of metabolic hormones such as insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I, are reduced by a variety of environmental factors. The main factors are limited energy intake, lower body reserves, increased partitioning of energy to milk production, suckling, and peripartum disease. Treatment options for cows with an extended PPI include hormonal and management strategies. Hormonal treatments that include a period of progesterone supplementation result in the majority of treated animals displaying estrus with a subsequent luteal phase of normal duration and improved pregnancy rates compared with untreated controls. Hormonal interventions also tend to have more predictable outcomes compared with management changes, such as manipulating body condition or dietary intakes after calving, and usually have some estrous synchronization effect, thus facilitating the use of artificial insemination. However, responses to any treatment are variable and are related to those factors that influence duration of the PPI, such as body condition and parity.
Key Words: cattle • postpartum • anestrus • treatment
Abbreviation key: CIDR = controlled internal drug releasing device, eCG = equine chorionic gonadotropin, EB = estradiol benzoate, PPI = postpartum interval: calving to first ovulation
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  C. R. Burke and J. R. Roche Effects of Pasture Feeding During the Periparturient Period on Postpartum Anovulation in Grazed Dairy Cows J Dairy Sci, September 1, 2007; 90(9): 4304 - 4312. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. C. Bicalho, S. H. Cheong, L. D. Warnick, and C. L. Guard Evaluation of Progesterone Supplementation in a Prostaglandin F2{alpha}-Based Presynchronization Protocol Before Timed Insemination J Dairy Sci, March 1, 2007; 90(3): 1193 - 1200. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. G. Berardinelli, P. S. Joshi, and S. A. Tauck Conception rates to artificial insemination in primiparous, suckled cows exposed to the biostimulatory effect of bulls before and during a gonadotropin-releasing hormone-based estrus synchronization protocol J Anim Sci, March 1, 2007; 85(3): 848 - 852. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. C. Lucy The bovine dominant ovarian follicle J Anim Sci, March 1, 2007; 85(13_suppl): E89 - E99. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. P. Meyer, R. P. Radcliff, M. L. Rhoads, J. F. Bader, C. N. Murphy, and M. C. Lucy Timed Artificial Insemination of Two Consecutive Services in Dairy Cows Using Prostaglandin F2{alpha} and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone J Dairy Sci, February 1, 2007; 90(2): 691 - 698. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Melendez, G. Gonzalez, E. Aguilar, O. Loera, C. Risco, and L. F. Archbald Comparison of Two Estrus-Synchronization Protocols and Timed Artificial Insemination in Dairy Cattle J Dairy Sci, December 1, 2006; 89(12): 4567 - 4572. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. C. Chebel, J. E. P. Santos, R. L. A. Cerri, H. M. Rutigliano, and R. G. S. Bruno Reproduction in dairy cows following progesterone insert presynchronization and resynchronization protocols. J Dairy Sci, November 1, 2006; 89(11): 4205 - 4219. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Flores, M. L. Looper, D. L. Kreider, N. M. Post, and C. F. Rosenkrans Jr. Estrous behavior and initiation of estrous cycles in postpartum Brahman-influenced cows after treatment with progesterone and prostaglandin F2{alpha} J Anim Sci, July 1, 2006; 84(7): 1916 - 1925. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. McDougall and C. Compton Reproductive Performance of Anestrous Dairy Cows Treated with Progesterone and Estradiol Benzoate J Dairy Sci, July 1, 2005; 88(7): 2388 - 2400. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. N. Galvao, J. E. P. Santos, S. O. Juchem, R. L. A. Cerri, A. C. Coscioni, and M. Villasenor Effect of addition of a progesterone intravaginal insert to a timed insemination protocol using estradiol cypionate on ovulation rate, pregnancy rate, and late embryonic loss in lactating dairy cows J Anim Sci, December 1, 2004; 82(12): 3508 - 3517. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. McDougall, L. Young, and F. M. Anniss Production and Health of Pasture-Fed Dairy Cattle Following Oral Treatment with the Ionophore Lasalocid J Dairy Sci, September 1, 2004; 87(9): 2967 - 2976. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
