| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Centre for Dairy Research, Department of Agriculture, The University of Reading, Earley Gate, RG6 6AT England
Corresponding author:
C. K. Reynolds; e-mail:
Reynolds.345{at}osu.edu.
Changes in the metabolism of nutrients by the portal-drained viscera (PDV) and liver may contribute to the reduction in dry matter intake (DMI) and other production responses generally observed in lactating dairy cows fed supplemental long-chain fatty acids (LCFA). In the present study, effects of a 7-d abomasal infusion of vegetable oil on arterial concentration and splanchnic (PDV and liver) metabolism of nutrients were measured in six cows at 55 (early lactation [ELAC]) and 111 (midlactation [MLAC]) d postpartum. Cows were fed for ad libitum DMI at 8-h intervals, and blood samples for measurement of splanchnic metabolism were obtained over 8 h beginning 2 h before feeding at 0830 h. Blood flow for the PDV and liver was increased by oil infusion and was greater in ELAC, despite similar-feed DMI during blood sampling. Increased blood flow in ELAC was associated with greater liver oxygen removal and glucose release that accompanied greater milk yield. In contrast, oil infusion had no effect on splanchnic oxygen use. Greater blood flow during oil infusion may have been due to specific effects of intestinal LCFA supply on PDV blood flow. Net PDV release and liver removal of branched-chain volatile fatty acids (VFA) and ammonia were increased by oil infusion. Net PDV release of longer-chain (4 and 5 C) VFA and NEFA was greater in ELAC, but net PDV flux of other nutrients was not affected by lactation stage, possibly due to the similarity of feed DMI. Oil infusion increased arterial concentration and net PDV release and liver removal of NEFA, and it decreased net liver release and arterial concentration of glucose. Effects of oil infusion on liver glucose release were associated with decreased daily DMI. In ELAC, arterial concentration and net liver removal of NEFA were also increased, but liver release of glucose was greater than in MLAC. Oil infusion and ELAC both increased net liver removal of L-lactate. The resulting decrease in net total splanchnic release of L-lactate in ELAC reflects decreased tissue energy balance of the cows. Generally, stage of lactation and relative milk yield had greater effects on metabolism of the liver than the PDV, in which metabolism was largely dictated by DMI. In the present study, there was little evidence to suggest an effect of stage of lactation on the metabolic response of the PDV and liver to postruminal LCFA supply.
Abbreviation key: ELAC = early lactation, LCFA = long-chain fatty acids, ME = metabolizable energy, MLAC = midlactation, PCV = packed-cell volume, PDV = portal-drained viscera, RQ = respiratory quotient, TSP = total splanchnic
Key Words: long-chain fatty acids • portal-drained viscera • liver • metabolism
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  L. Doepel, G. E. Lobley, J. F. Bernier, P. Dubreuil, and H. Lapierre Differences in splanchnic metabolism between late gestation and early lactation dairy cows J Dairy Sci, July 1, 2009; 92(7): 3233 - 3243. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. M. Hammon, G. Sturmer, F. Schneider, A. Tuchscherer, H. Blum, T. Engelhard, A. Genzel, R. Staufenbiel, and W. Kanitz Performance and metabolic and endocrine changes with emphasis on glucose metabolism in high-yielding dairy cows with high and low fat content in liver after calving J Dairy Sci, April 1, 2009; 92(4): 1554 - 1566. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. M. Hammon, C. C. Metges, P. Junghans, F. Becker, O. Bellmann, F. Schneider, G. Nurnberg, P. Dubreuil, and H. Lapierre Metabolic Changes and Net Portal Flux in Dairy Cows Fed a Ration Containing Rumen-Protected Fat as Compared to a Control Diet J Dairy Sci, January 1, 2008; 91(1): 208 - 217. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Doepel, G. E. Lobley, J. F. Bernier, P. Dubreuil, and H. Lapierre Effect of Glutamine Supplementation on Splanchnic Metabolism in Lactating Dairy Cows J Dairy Sci, September 1, 2007; 90(9): 4325 - 4333. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. J. Bradford and M. S. Allen Short Communication: Rate of Propionate Infusion Within Meals Does Not Influence Feeding Behavior J Dairy Sci, May 1, 2007; 90(5): 2305 - 2308. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Klotz and R. N. Heitmann Changes in Net Portal Nutrient Flux in Response to Weaning Transition and Ionophore Supplementation in Dairy Calves J Dairy Sci, March 1, 2007; 90(3): 1326 - 1339. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. B. Kristensen, A. Storm, B. M. L. Raun, B. A. Rojen, and D. L. Harmon Metabolism of Silage Alcohols in Lactating Dairy Cows J Dairy Sci, March 1, 2007; 90(3): 1364 - 1377. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. E. Relling and C. K. Reynolds Feeding Rumen-Inert Fats Differing in Their Degree of Saturation Decreases Intake and Increases Plasma Concentrations of Gut Peptides in Lactating Dairy Cows J Dairy Sci, March 1, 2007; 90(3): 1506 - 1515. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. J. Bradford and M. S. Allen Phlorizin Administration Does Not Attenuate Hypophagia Induced by Intraruminal Propionate Infusion in Lactating Dairy Cattle J. Nutr., February 1, 2007; 137(2): 326 - 330. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Klotz and R. N. Heitmann Effects of weaning and ionophore supplementation on selected blood metabolites and growth in dairy calves. J Dairy Sci, September 1, 2006; 89(9): 3587 - 3598. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Doepel, M. Lessard, N. Gagnon, G. E. Lobley, J. F. Bernier, P. Dubreuil, and H. Lapierre Effect of postruminal glutamine supplementation on immune response and milk production in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, August 1, 2006; 89(8): 3107 - 3121. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Berthiaume, M. C. Thivierge, R. A. Patton, P. Dubreuil, M. Stevenson, B. W. McBride, and H. Lapierre Effect of Ruminally Protected Methionine on Splanchnic Metabolism of Amino Acids in Lactating Dairy Cows J Dairy Sci, May 1, 2006; 89(5): 1621 - 1634. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. B. Huntington, D. L. Harmon, and C. J. Richards Sites, rates, and limits of starch digestion and glucose metabolism in growing cattle J Anim Sci, April 1, 2006; 84(13_suppl): E14 - E. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. J. Bradford and M. S. Allen Phlorizin Administration Increases Hepatic Gluconeogenic Enzyme mRNA Abundance but Not Feed Intake in Late-Lactation Dairy Cows J. Nutr., September 1, 2005; 135(9): 2206 - 2211. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. D. Hanigan, C. K. Reynolds, D. J. Humphries, B. Lupoli, and J. D. Sutton A Model of Net Amino Acid Absorption and Utilization by the Portal-Drained Viscera of the Lactating Dairy Cow J Dairy Sci, December 1, 2004; 87(12): 4247 - 4268. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Hersom, C. R. Krehbiel, G. W. Horn, and J. G. Kirkpatrick Effect of the live weight gain of steers during winter grazing on digestibility, acid-base balance, blood flow, and oxygen consumption by splanchnic tissues during adaptation and subsequent feeding of a high-grain diet J Anim Sci, December 1, 2003; 81(12): 3130 - 3140. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. D. Sutton, M. S. Dhanoa, S. V. Morant, J. France, D. J. Napper, and E. Schuller Rates of Production of Acetate, Propionate, and Butyrate in the Rumen of Lactating Dairy Cows Given Normal and Low-Roughage Diets J Dairy Sci, November 1, 2003; 86(11): 3620 - 3633. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. K. Reynolds, P. C. Aikman, B. Lupoli, D. J. Humphries, and D. E. Beever Splanchnic Metabolism of Dairy Cows During the Transition From Late Gestation Through Early Lactation J Dairy Sci, April 1, 2003; 86(4): 1201 - 1217. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
