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Clinical Responses to Intramammary Endotoxin Infusion in Dairy Cows Subjected to Feed Restriction¹

K. H. Perkins^*, M. J. VandeHaar^*, J. L. Burton^*, J. S. Liesman^*, R. J. Erskine and T. H. Elsasser

^* Department of Animal Science and
Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; and
Growth Biology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, BARC-East, Beltsville, MD.

Corresponding author:
M. J. VandeHaar; e-mail:
mikevh{at}pilot.msu.edu.

Nonpregnant, midlactation primiparous Holstein cows were fed ad libitum (n = 12) or at 80% of maintenance energy requirements (n = 12) to determine whether feed restriction influences clinical response to endotoxin-induced mastitis. After 2 wk of ad libitum or restricted feeding, one mammary quarter per cow was infused with 100 µg of endotoxin. Within 3 to 6 h of intramammary infusion, endotoxin increased mean rectal temperature, heart rate, and milk somatic cell count and immunoglobulin (IgG) concentration; and decreased blood leukocyte count and rumen motility in both restricted and ad libitum-fed cows. Mean serum and milk tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-) concentrations showed only modest increases following endotoxin infusion. Restricted fed cows had slightly different acute fever responses and significantly increased heart and respiration rates than ad libitum fed cows. However, feed restriction did not influence mean total leukocyte count, rumen motility, serum TNF- concentrations or milk IgG and TNF- concentrations. Thus, results of this study suggest that energy balance does not significantly alter clinical symptoms following acute endotoxin-induced mastitis, at least in midlactation cows. As such, negative energy balance may not underlie the increases in severe coliform mastitis commonly observed in periparturient dairy cows.

Abbreviation key: EB = energy balance, , LPS = lipopolysaccharide, NEB = negative energy balance, PEB = positive energy balance, TNF- = tumor necrosis factor-alpha

Key Words: energy balance • mastitis • acute phase response • dairy cow

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