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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 85 No. 6 1390-1397
© 2002 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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Microbial Community Dynamics during the Scamorza Altamurana Cheese Natural Fermentation

F. Baruzzi 1, A. Matarante 1, M. Morea 1, and P. S. Cocconcelli 2

1 Istituto Tossine e Micotossine da Parassiti Vegetali, CNR, Bari, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
2 Istituto di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Centro Ricerche Biotecnologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Cremona, Italy

The growth dynamics of the natural microbial community responsible for the fermentation of Scamorza Altamurana, a typical Southern Italian cheese made using backslopping, was investigated applying a polyphasic approach combining 1) microbial enumeration with culture media, 2) randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting of microbial communities, 3) sequencing of partial 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) genes, and 4) physiological tests. Viable cell counts on different culture media showed that the cocci community prevailed during the 18 h of curd fermentation and the 6 d of cheese ripening. RAPD fingerprinting made it possible to isolate 25 different strains identified by 16S rDNA sequencing as belonging to five species of Lactobacillus, three species of Streptococcus, one species of Weissella, and one species of Enterococcus. The physiological analyses of all lactic acid bacteria strains revealed that the isolates belonging to Streptococcus genus were the most acidifying, whereas lactobacilli were most proteolytic. Streptococcus thermophilus C48W and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus B15Z dominated all through the fermentation process. Furthermore, they seemed to be stable in a subsequent whey sample analyzed after 7 mo. The recovery of strains endowed with interesting technological features, such as acidifying and proteolytic activities, and surviving in natural whey could allow the upscaling of cheese processing safeguarding the organoleptic characteristics of Scamorza Altamurana and could possibly improve other fermented dairy products.

Key Words: lactic acid bacteria • natural microbial community • stretched cheese • proteolytic activity

Submitted on January 23, 2001
Accepted on November 19, 2001






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Copyright © 2002 by the American Dairy Science Association ®.