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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 84 No. 7 1621-1626
© 2001 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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Establishment of a Simple Method for Measurement of Chronic Blood Flow in Uterine Artery of Pregnant Cows

T. Nishida 1, S. Ando 1, R. Islam Md.1, Y. Nagao 2, and M. Ishida 1

1 National Grassland Research Institute, Nishinasuno, Tochigi 329-2793 Japan
2 Utsunomiya University, Mohka, Tochigi 321-4415 Japan

Blood flow to the gravid uterine horn of seven multiparous Holstein cows (mean ± SD, BW = 625.5 ± 82.4 kg; age = 4.7 ± 1.7 yr; parity = 2.9 ± 1.1 yr) was measured from d 225 of gestation to parturition using transit-time ultrasonic blood flow probes placed around the middle uterine artery. Surgery was conducted on d 215 of gestation. The cows were sedated with xylazine and local anesthesia (procaine or bupivacain hydrochloride) during surgery. The surgical operations were conducted at the flank of standing cows. A transit time ultrasonic flow probe ("S" series, diameter 12 or 14 mm, Transonic Systems Inc., Ithaca, NY) was fitted surgically around the uterine artery of each cow. Surgery was completed within 2 h of anesthesia, and the animals recovered rapidly following surgery. Uterine blood flow (UBF, L/min) was recorded at 10-s intervals for 1395 min; these values were averaged to determine UBF. Cows exhibited normal gestation lengths (279.1 ± 7.4 d), gave birth to normal healthy calves (birth weight = 40.6 ± 6.6 kg), and had no retained placentas. The UBF increased significantly (P < 0.01) from d 225 (6.67 ± 2.47) to d 249 (8.23 ± 2.89) of gestation, but the latter UBF was similar to that of d 266 (8.38 ± 2.70). The increased UBF after d 225 indicates increased demand of nutrients of fetus with the progress of gestation. The range of mean UBF varied widely among individual cows from 4.1 L/min to 12.2 L/min. Our method is useful for chronic measurement of UBF in cows for nutritional or physiological studies and does not require sophisticated facilities or special surgical technique.

Key Words: blood flow • uterine artery • dairy cows • transit-time ultrasonic flow probe

Submitted on July 19, 2000
Accepted on February 8, 2001




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T. Nishida, K. Hosoda, H. Matsuyama, and M. Ishida
Effect of Lying Behavior on Uterine Blood Flow in Cows During the Third Trimester of Gestation
J Dairy Sci, August 1, 2004; 87(8): 2388 - 2392.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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