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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 84 No. 4 799-806
© 2001 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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An Alternative AI Breeding Protocol for Dairy Cows Exposed to Elevated Ambient Temperatures before or after Calving or Both

J. A. Cartmill 1, S. Z. El-Zarkouny 1, B. A. Hensley 1, T. G. Rozell 1, J. F. Smith 1, and J. S. Stevenson 1

1 Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506-0201

Our objective was to determine if a timed artificial insemination (AI) protocol (Ovsynch) might produce greater pregnancy rates than AI after a synchronized, detected estrus during summer. Lactating Holstein cows (n = 425) were grouped into breeding clusters and then assigned randomly to each of two protocols for AI between 50 and 70 days in milk. All cows were treated with GnRH followed 7 d later by PGF2alpha. Ovsynch cows then were treated with a second injection of GnRH 48 h after PGF2alpha and inseminated 16 to 19 h later. Controls received no further treatment after PGF2alpha and were inseminated after detected estrus. Pregnancy was diagnosed once by transrectal ultrasonography (27 to 30 d after AI) and again by palpation (40 to 50 d). Based on concentrations of progesterone in blood collected before each hormonal injection, only 85.4% of 425 cows were considered to be cycling. Although conception rates were not different between protocols at d 27 to 30, AI submission rates and pregnancy rates were greater after Ovsynch (timed AI) than after detected estrus. A temperature-humidity index ge72 was associated with fewer controls detected in estrus with lower conception than for controls detected in estrus when index values were <72, whereas the reverse was true for cows after the Ovsynch protocol. We concluded that a timed AI protocol increased pregnancy rates at d 27 to 30 because its success was independent of either expression or detection of estrus. However, because of poorer embryonic survival in Ovsynch cows during heat stress only (39.5 vs. 69.2% survival for Ovsynch and control, respectively), pregnancy rates were not different by d 40 to 50 after timed AI.

Key Words: heat stress • timed artificial insemination • estrus

Submitted on March 6, 2000
Accepted on June 20, 2000




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