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1 École Nationale Vétérinaire, Département Élevage & Produits, Laboratoire d'Alimentation, 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076 Toulouse Cedex, France
2 École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie Agronomique, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, BP 107, Auzeville-Tolosane, 31326 Castanet Tolosan Cedex, France
Four dairy cows fitted with a duodenal cannula were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square design to investigate the effects of daily duodenal infusion of 500 g of fatty acids (containing mainly C16:0, C18:0, or cis-C18:1) on fecal concentrations of fatty acids, fatty acid profiles of milk fat, and solid fat content of butter. Fecal concentrations of C16:0 and especially of C18:0 were increased by duodenal infusion. Infusion with C16:0 increased the proportion of C16:0 in milk fat and delayed softening of butter when the temperature rose. Infusion with C18:0 resulted only in a slight increase of C18:0 proportion in milk fat and did not significantly affect solid fat in butter between -10 and 30°C. With the infusion of cis-C18:1, the proportion of cis-C18:1 in milk fat was more than twice that of control, to the detriment of C16:0. Butter contained low proportion of solid fat, even at low temperatures. Increasing C16:0 or cis-C18:1 in milk fatty acid via duodenal infusion can be used to study their specific effects on butter characteristics, but, because of a low transfer from infusion to milk, this method is less efficient with C18:0.
Key Words: fatty acids • duodenal infusion • milk composition • butter
Submitted on July 19, 1999
Accepted on January 26, 2000
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