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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 82 No. 5 974-981
© 1999 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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Effect of Drastic Undernutrition on Digestion in Zebu Cattle Receiving a Diet Based on Rice Straw

P. Grimaud 1, D. Richard 2, M. P. Vergeron 3, J. R. Guilleret 4, and M. Doreau 5

1 Centre International de Recherche-Développement sur l'Elevage en Zone Subhumide, 01 BP 454 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Département Elevage et Médecine Vétérinaire en Pays Tropicaux, BP 5035, 34032 Montpellier, France
2 Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Département Elevage et Médecine Vétérinaire en Pays Tropicaux, BP 5035, 34032 Montpellier, France
3 Centre International de Recherche-Développement sur l'Elevage en Zone Subhumide, 01 BP 454 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
4 Ecole Inter-Etats des Ingénieurs de l'Equipement Rural, 03 BP 7023, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
5 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Recherches sur les Herbivores, Theix 63122 St-Genès-Champanelle, France

The effect of drastic undernutrition was studied in Bos indicus cows. Four nonlactating cows (body weight = 208 kg) fitted with ruminal cannulas were used in a crossover design. They received, in two 1-mo periods, a diet of 80% rice straw and 20% cotton-seed meal fed either at energy maintenance [3.91 kg of dry matter (DM)/d] or at one-third of this intake (1.30 kg of DM/d). The variation in digestibility was studied in relation to particle retention time and microbial events. Organic matter digestibility decreased with underfeeding (64.5 and 53.7%, respectively, at high and low intakes) without modification of mean ruminal or total tract retention times. This lower digestibility can be related to a decrease in protozoal population in the rumen; however, other characteristics of microbial activity did not vary, such as in situ DM degradability (41.9 and 43.3%, respectively, at high and low intakes) and ruminal soluble Ca concentration, a factor involved in the attachment of microorganisms to feed particles. Mean size of ruminal particles was not modified, although more time spent chewing was observed at the low intake (165 and 221 min/kg of DM intake, respectively, at high and low intakes). This experiment confirms that, at intakes below maintenance, digestibility can decrease when feed intake is restricted, contrary to the general view described in the literature.

Key Words: underfeeding • digestion • rice straw • Bos indicus

Submitted on June 16, 1998
Accepted on December 28, 1998






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