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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 81 No. 9 2475-2484
© 1998 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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Long-term Effects of Gossypol and Vitamin E in the Diets of Dairy Bulls

J. Velasquez-Pereira 1, D. Prichard 1, L. R. McDowell 1, P. J. Chenoweth 2, C. A. Risco 2, C. R. Staples 3, F. G. Martin 4, M. C. Calhoun 5, L. X. Rojas 1, S. N. Williams 6, and N. S. Wilkinson 1

1 Department of Animal Science, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
2 College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
3 Dairy and Poultry Science, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
4 Statistics, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
5 Texas Agricultural Experimental Station, Texas A&M University, San Angelo 76901
6 Hoffmann-La Roche, Nutley, NJ 07110

Long-term effects of the inclusion of cottonseed meal in the diet on hematological and tissue parameters of Holstein bulls were investigated. Twenty-four Holstein bulls that were approximately 6 mo of age received the following treatments for 10 mo: 1) soybean meal plus 30 IU of vitamin E/kg, 2) cottonseed meal plus 30 IU of vitamin E/kg, and 3) cottonseed meal plus 4000 IU of vitamin E/d per bull. Treatments 2 and 3 were formulated to supply 14 mg of free gossypol/kg of body weight per d. Average daily gain, total gain, and final body weights were not affected by treatment. The osmotic fragility of erythrocytes was greater during all collection periods for bulls on treatments 2 and 3 than for bulls on treatment 1. The inclusion of 4000 IU of vitamin E/d per bull did not reduce the increase in the osmotic fragility of erythrocytes that was caused by gossypol. Bulls on treatment 3 had higher plasma alpha-tocopherol concentrations than did bulls on treatments 1 and 2. Vitamin E supplementation did not affect gossypol concentrations in plasma or tissue. The highest gossypol concentrations were found in the liver followed by the heart and testis. In vitro lipid peroxidation of tissue indicated that gossypol acts as an antioxidant in lipid peroxidation systems, and its role as an antioxidant may be dependent on dose or tissue. Cottonseed meal in the diets of bulls did not affect growth of vitamin E status.

Key Words: gossypol • vitamin E • bulls

Submitted on December 8, 1997
Accepted on May 9, 1998




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J. Velasquez-Pereira, C. F. Arechiga, L. R. McDowell, P. J. Hansen, P. J. Chenoweth, M. C. Calhoun, C. A. Risco, T. R. Batra, S. N. Williams, and N. S. Wilkinson
Effects of gossypol from cottonseed meal and dietary vitamin E on the reproductive characteristics of superovulated beef heifers
J Anim Sci, September 1, 2002; 80(9): 2485 - 2492.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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