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1 Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Delaware Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Delaware, Newark 19717-1303
2 Department of Agricultural Engineering, Delaware Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Delaware, Newark 19717-1303
For 3 successive yr, whole-plant corn was ensiled in laboratory silos with low percentages of silage preservatives, the primary active ingredient of which was propionic acid. Preservatives were added to forage just prior to ensiling at rates of 0.1 to 0.2% of the fresh forage weight. In all 3 yr, treatments had minor effects on fermentation end products, except that the concentration of propionic acid was greater because of its addition. The mean low and high percentages of preservatives increased aerobic stability of the treated silages by 19 and 57 h, respectively, in Experiment 1 and by 17 and 38 h, respectively, in Experiment 2. In Experiment 3, aerobic stability was improved by >90 h by preservatives (0.2% addition). In a lactation study, a total mixed ration (46% dry matter) was mixed without or with (0.2 or 0.3%) a stabilizer that was designed to prevent spoilage in the feed bunk. The high dose resulted in orts with a lower pH and temperature after 24 h in the feed bunk. However, dry matter intake and milk production were unaffected by treatments. Chemical preservatives based on propionic acid added at low rates did not affect fermentation but were effective in the reduction of heating in corn silage and in a total mixed ration.
Key Words: silage • propionic acid • preservative • aerobic stability
Submitted on July 3, 1997
Accepted on December 1, 1997
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