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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 81 No. 3 672-677
© 1998 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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Reduction of Acyloxyacyl Hydrolase Activity in Circulating Neutrophils from Cows After Parturition

H. Dosogne 1, A. V. Capuco 2, M. J. Paape 2, E. Roets 1, C. Burvenich 1, and B. Fenwick 3

1 Department of Physiology, Biochemistry, and Biometrics, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ghent, Belgium
2 USDA-ARS, BARC-East, Beltsville, MD 20705
3 Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506

Bovine neutrophils contain the enzyme acyloxyacyl hydrolase, which hydrolyzes the acyloxyacyl linkage of the two nonhydroxylated fatty acyl chains to two 3-hydroxy fatty acids in the highly conserved lipid A part of endotoxins with high specificity. This hydrolysis decreases the toxicity of lipid A, but the immunostimulatory capacity of endotoxins is largely maintained. In two trials, we studied the activity of acyloxyacyl hydrolase in neutrophils that had been isolated from the blood of 18 dairy cows around parturition. Between 10 and 26 d after parturition, the activity of acyloxyacyl hydrolase in neutrophils decreased approximately 20% below prepartum activity. At about 2 mo after parturition, acyloxyacyl hydrolase activity returned to prepartum values. Changes in acyloxyacyl hydrolase activity could not be attributed to changes in binding of lipopolysaccharides by the CD14 molecules on neutrophils or monocytes. We hypothesize that decreased acyloxyacyl hydrolase activity in neutrophils shortly after parturition is a factor that increases the susceptibility of dairy cows to coliform mastitis during early lactation.

Key Words: mastitis • neutrophils • endotoxin

Submitted on April 17, 1997
Accepted on October 14, 1997




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Copyright © 1998 by the American Dairy Science Association ®.