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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 80 No. 5 845-853
© 1997 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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Field Trials of a Vaccine Against Bovine Mastitis. 1. Evaluation in Heifers

José A. Giraudo 1, Aldo Calzolari 1, Horacio Rampone 1, Alberto Rampone 1, Ana T. Giraudo 1, Cristina Bogni 1, Alejandro Larriestra 1, and Rosa Nagel 1

1 Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, 5800 Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina

A vaccine was developed against bovine mastitis based on inactivated, highly encapsulated Staphylococcus aureus cells; a crude extract of Staph. aureus exopolysaccharides; and inactivated, unencapsulated Staph. aureus and Streptococcus spp. cells. This vaccine was tested on 30 heifers during a 7-mo period. The 30 heifers were randomly assigned to three groups of 10 heifers each. The prepartum group received two injections of the vaccine at 8 and 4 wk before calving, and the postpartum group received two injections at 1 and 5 wk after calving. The control group received two injections of a placebo at 8 and 4 wk before calving. The vaccine or the placebo was administered subcutaneously in the brachiocephalicus muscle of the neck. The frequencies of intramammary infections caused by Staph. aureus were reduced from 18.8% for heifers in the control group to 6.7 and 6.0% for heifers in the prepartum and post-partum groups, respectively. This protective effect was maintained for at least 6 mo. The relative risk of mastitis caused by Staph. aureus was 0.31 and 0.28 for heifers in the prepartum and postpartum groups, respectively, compared with that for heifers in the control group. The results of the trial indicated the effectiveness of the vaccine in decreasing the incidence of intramammary infections caused by Staph. aureus. A slight but nonsignificant increase occurred in fat production in the milk of vaccinated cows. The vaccine had no observable effect on somatic cell count or streptococcal infections.

Key Words: bovine mastitis • vaccine • Staphylococcus aureus • Streptococcus spp.

Submitted on December 27, 1995
Accepted on August 23, 1996




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