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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 79 No. 9 1611-1620
© 1996 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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Seasonal Effects of Supplemental Fat or Undegradable Protein on the Growth and Metabolism of Holstein Calves

L. D. Bunting 1, J. M. Fernandez 1, R. J. Fornea 1, T. W. White 1, M. A. Froetschel 2, J. D. Stone 1, and K. Ingawa 1

1 Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Louisiana Agricultural, Experiment Station, Baton Rouge 70803
2 Department of Animal and Dairy Science, The University of Georgia, Athens 30602

One summer (heat stress) and one winter (neutral conditions) trial were conducted to assess the effects of varied amounts of RUP and fat on the growth and metabolic responses of calves. In each trial, 190-kg Holstein calves (n = 45) were fed a basal diet of corn and cottonseed hulls supplemented with soybean meal (control) or supplemented with raw or roasted whole soybeans or the basal ration plus prilled hydrogenated tallow either with or without a mixture of feather meal and blood meal. Prilled tallow was more detrimental to fiber digestion and growth performance than were whole soybeans, especially during summer. During winter, calves fed a high (49%) percentage of the dietary CP as RUP had similar BW gain and efficiency of feed usage as did calves fed a moderate percentage (39%), but, during summer, calves fed the high percentage of RUP had greater BW gain and efficiency than did calves fed moderate percentages of RUP. Ruminal concentrations of VFA were parallel to digestibilities of fiber in the total tract. Ruminal concentrations of ammonia or blood concentrations of urea were not consistent with the concentrations of RDP fed. Concentrations of glucose, NEFA, insulin, and thyroid hormones in the blood were primarily affected by season. Data suggested that a higher percentage and AA quality of RUP improved the growth of calves during summer but not during winter.

Key Words: calves • protein • fat • heat stress

Submitted on May 8, 1995
Accepted on March 13, 1996




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E. E. D. Felton and M. S. Kerley
Performance and carcass quality of steers fed whole raw soybeans at increasing inclusion levels
J Anim Sci, March 1, 2004; 82(3): 725 - 732.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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