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1 Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-2106
The confocal scanning laser microscope allows direct observation of milk and cultured milks in their natural state. The microscope was used to observe the capsules of lactic acid bacteria growing in milk. Capsule production was confirmed by microscopic observation of cells suspended in latex beads. Some strains of Streptococcus thermophilus were surrounded by a capsule 4 to 5 pm in diameter, and others by capsules 2 pm in diameter. Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus strains showed capsule sizes from 1.5 to 3 pm in diameter. Of four strains of lactococci tested, three were unencapsulated, and one had capsule sizes of 1.5 to 2 µm around some cells. Encapsulated strains produced less acid in milk than did unencapsulated strains. Growth in Elliker's broth produced smaller capsules than did growth in milk. Capsules acted as a barrier to acid diffusing from the cell.
Key Words: capsule • Lactobacillus sp. • Streptococcus sp. • yogurt
Submitted on February 2, 1995
Accepted on August 21, 1995
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