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1 Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108
2 Department of Dairy and Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802
3 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
4 Department of Dairy Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
5 Department of Animal Science, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721
6 Department of Dairy Science, The Ohio State University, Wooster 44691
The goal of the NC-185 Cooperative Regional Research Project is to provide the information needed to improve the nutrition and feeding of dairy cattle, a major factor determining composition of milk and cost of milk yield. Emphasis is placed on understanding how energy and protein nutrition of lactating cows can be manipulated to increase the quantity and improve the profile of AA passing to the small intestine and to improve yield of milk and milk protein. To achieve this goal, one of the major objectives of this project has been to evaluate quantitatively the chemical and physical properties of protein and energy sources that determine AA availability to lactating cows. Reliable measurements of microbial protein synthesis and protein degradation in the rumen are critical in the evaluation process. Therefore, one of the ongoing areas of investigation of this research project has been to determine the most appropriate methods for estimating microbial protein synthesis and dietary protein degradation in the rumen. Other areas have been investigated, using continuous culture fermenters and ruminally and duodenally cannulated cows, including factors that alter microbial metabolism of N in the rumen and subsequently protein supply to the small intestine, such as sources of carbohydrate, protein, and fat and interrelationships of protein and carbohydrate. Findings of the NC-185 Cooperative Regional Research Project Committee and other investigators are summarized in this review.
Key Words: rumen • microbial protein • degradation • amino acids
Submitted on June 16, 1993
Accepted on December 15, 1993
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