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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 75 No. 8 2304-2323
© 1992 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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Microbial Protein Synthesis and Flows of Nitrogen Fractions to the Duodenum of Dairy Cows

J. H. Clark 1, T. H. Klusmeyer 1, and M. R. Cameron 1

1 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801

Attempts have been made to increase nutrient availability for milk production by increasing feed intake, optimizing ruminal fermentation, and supplementing nutrients to the diet that will escape ruminal degradation. Energy and N are the nutritional factors that most often limit microbial growth and milk production. Ruminal fermentation and flow of microbial and dietary protein to the small intestine are affected by feed intake and by the amount and source of energy and protein in the diet. Feeding protein and carbohydrate that are not degraded in the rumen increases the quantity of dietary protein that passes to the small intestine but may decrease the quantity of microbial protein that is synthesized in the rumen. This often results in only small differences in the total NAN that passes to the small intestine. Because microbial protein supplies a large quantity of total AA that passes to the small intestine, differences. in passage of individual AA often are only slight. Additional research with cows consuming large amounts of feed are needed to identify combinations of feed ingredients that synchronize availabilities of energy and N for optimizing ruminal digestion, microbial protein synthesis, nutrient flow to the small intestine, and milk production and composition.

Key Words: microbial protein synthesis • nitrogen flow to small intestine • amino acids • undegradable intake protein

Submitted on September 25, 1991
Accepted on January 22, 1992




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