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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 75 No. 2 485-491
© 1992 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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1alpha-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Plus 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Reduces Parturient Paresis in Dairy Cows Fed High Dietary Calcium

Dean W. Hodnett 1, Neal A. Jorgensen 1, and Hector F. Deluca 1

1 College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706

The effectiveness of a combination of 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 for reducing incidence of parturient paresis in aged Holstein cows was tested. Intramuscular injection of .5 mg of 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 plus 4 mg of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 increased plasma 1.25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations through parturition. Treatment with 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 plus 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 raised prepartum serum Ca approximately 2 mg/dl and prepartum serum P approximately 4 to 5 mg/dl higher than untreated controls. Both treated and control cows had approximately a 2-mg/dl decrease in serum Ca following parturition. The prepartum diet of alfalfa silage and hay was supplemented with a grain mixture supplying 100 g of Ca/d from ground limestone. Under these dietary conditions, incidence of parturient paresis was reduced from 33 to 8%. In a separate experiment, treatment with 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 plus 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 did not reduce incidence of parturient paresis when cows consumed mixed diets of different feed-stuff composition. Further experiments are required to determine specifically the factor or factors responsible for the difference in response to active vitamin D compound administration between the two experiments. Prepartum dietary Ca intake may be one such factor.

Key Words: parturient paresis • milk fever • vitamin D • calcium

Submitted on March 21, 1991
Accepted on August 29, 1991




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Copyright © 1992 by the American Dairy Science Association ®.