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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 74 No. 12 4399-4412
© 1991 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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Immunobiology of Hematopoietic Colony-Stimulating Factors: Potential Application to Disease Prevention in the Bovine

Marcus E. Kehrli Jr. 1, James S. Cullor 2, and Stephen C. Nickerson 3

1 Metabolic Diseases and Immunology Research Laboratory, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Ames, IA 50010
2 Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616
3 Mastitis Research Laboratory, Hill Farm Research Station, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Route 1, Box 10, Homer 71040

Colony-stimulating factors are a family of glycoproteins instrumental in regulation of hematopoiesis and inflammation. Clinical effects of various colony-stimulating factors have been reported in murine and human hosts. This review summarizes findings from some clinical trial evaluations of macrophage colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-1 , interleukin-3, interleukin-4, interleukin-5, interleukin-6, and interleukin-7 administration to other species. These factors stimulate clonal expansion of progenitor cells in the bone marrow, induce differentiation of various cell lineages to a mature phenotype, and, in some cases, enhance the effector activities of immune cells. Each colony-stimulating factor has distinct lineages of bone marrow cells upon which they act, although there is some overlap in lineage activity and synergy between colony-stimulating factors. The close relationship in biological activity among different colony-stimulating factors is also reflected at the genomic level at which genes for some hematopoietic growth factors have been mapped to a region of human chromosome 5. Recently, colony-stimulating factor administration to cattle and its potential application to disease control in bovine preventive medicine programs has been investigated. Data from recent hematological, immunological, and intramammary bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae) challenge studies in dairy cows are reviewed. These studies, with limited numbers of cows, found that rate of new infections, as well as duration and seventy of infection, were reduced by pretreatment of cows with granulocytecolony stimulating factor. The dose-dependent hematological and immunomodulatory effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor administration may explain reduced severity and incidence of mastitis in dairy cows given granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.

Key Words: mastitis • cytokine • bone marrow • colony-stimulating factors

Submitted on August 31, 1990
Accepted on December 11, 1990




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C. Burvenich, D. D. Bannerman, J. D. Lippolis, L. Peelman, B. J. Nonnecke, M. E. Kehrli Jr., and M. J. Paape
Cumulative Physiological Events Influence the Inflammatory Response of the Bovine Udder to Escherichia coli Infections During the Transition Period
J Dairy Sci, June 1, 2007; 90(13_suppl): E39 - E54.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Copyright © 1991 by the American Dairy Science Association ®.