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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 74 No. 12 4284-4296
© 1991 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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Effects of Plant Cell-Wall-Degrading Enzymes and Lactic Acid Bacteria on Silage Fermentation and Composition

L. Kung Jr. 1, R. S. Tung 1, K. O. Yaciorowski 1, K. Buffy 1, K. Knutsen 1, and W. R. Aimutis 2

1 Delaware Agricultural Experiment Station, Department of Animal Science and Agricultural Biochemistry, College of Agrlcultural Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19717-1303
2 Chr. Hansen's Biosystems, Milwaukee, WI 53214

We investigated the effect of cell-wall-degrading enzymes and a bacterial inoculant on silage fermentation and composition. Under optimal conditions (pH 4.5 and 50°C for 7 d), high levels of a cellulase enzyme complex from Trichoderma reesei hydrolyzed more than 65% of a purified cellulose source. Growth of Lactobacillus plantarum in minimal medium with cellulose as the major carbon source also was stimulated by the inclusion of a cellulase enzyme complex. Wilted alfalfa (full bloom, 43% DM) was untreated or treated with either a bacterial inoculant (1 x 105 lactic acid bacteria/g of forage), cellulase and pectinase enzyme complex (1, 5, and 50 times a recommended dose; the 1 times dose was .6 filter paper units of cellulase and .02 apple pomace units of pectinase/ 454 g of forage), or combinations of the inoculant and enzyme complex. Microbial inoculation improved fermentation, but the cell-wall-degrading enzyme complex did not. The enzyme complex did not affect NDF or ADF contents relative to untreated silage. A high dose of cellulase (500 times the commercial dose) solubilized about 7% of alfalfa forage NDF (unensiled) under in vitro conditions (pH 4.5 and 50°C for 50 d). A cellulase enzyme complex (0, 5, and 50 times the commercial dose) was added to direct-cut (20% DM) or wilted (43% DM) alfalfa silage. The 50-fold level of cellulase caused reductions in final silage pH in direct-cut and wilted silage, the reduction being greatest in direct-cut silage. Reductions in NDF and ADF content were small.

Key Words: silage • cellulase • inoculant • fermentation

Submitted on April 15, 1991
Accepted on June 28, 1991




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A. Matthews, A. Grimaldi, M. Walker, E. Bartowsky, P. Grbin, and V. Jiranek
Lactic Acid Bacteria as a Potential Source of Enzymes for Use in Vinification
Appl. Envir. Microbiol., October 1, 2004; 70(10): 5715 - 5731.
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