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Growth Inhibition of Mastitis Pathogens by Long-Chain Fatty Acids¹

Department of Animal Sciences, Hills Science Building, University of Vermont, Burlington 05405

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus hyicus, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Corynebacterium bovis were tested for sensitivity to long-chain fatty acids predominant in teat canal keratin. Anti-bacterial activity of free fatty acids on each bacterial species was measured after 12 and 24 h in chemically defined media. Polyene C_18:2 and C_18:3 acids were bactericidal to each species at 10⁵ ng/ml^–1. The most bacteriostatic saturated fatty acids were C₁₂ and C₁₄. Streptococcus agalactiae growth was inhibited more by fatty acids after 24 h than after 12 h. No incubation time effect on growth responses of other species was determined. Polyoxyethylenesorbitan monooleate had a neutralizing effect on the bactericidal activity of polyene acids on C. bovis. Corynebacterium bovis were unable to grow in synthetic media containing individual free fatty acids as the sole source of preformed fatty acids. A relationship between bacterial species commonly isolated from bovine teat canals with resistance to fatty acids predominant in keratin was not evident.

¹ Authors acknowledge support received from Vermont Agricultural Experiment Station.

² Present address: Department Dairy Science, Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster 44691.