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Associations of Bovine Blood and Milk Polymorphisms with Lactation Traits: Holsteins¹

Department of Dairy Science, The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210

ABSTRACT

First lactation milk yield and percentages of fat, solids-not-fat, and protein were analyzed to determine the possible relationships between 14 polymorphic loci and production in Holstein cows. The polymorphic systems examined were blood groups (A, B, C, F, J, L, M, S, and Z), serum transferrin, and milk proteins (ß-lactoglobulin, _s1-casein, ß-casein, and -casein). Several statistical models were utilized. Although results differed according to the analysis conducted, in general, no system had a significant association with first lactation milk yield expressed as a herdmate deviation. Most striking were the relationships between milk protein polymorphisms and percent solids-not-fat and protein deviations; ß-casein and -casein alleles had statistically significant associations with these traits. The F system was significant for percent fat deviations, whereas J x L system interactions were significant for all traits. Degree of heterozygosity over the 14 systems was positively associated with percent protein deviations.

¹ Data from the NE-62 Regional Research Project, Relationship Between Genetic Markers and Performance in Dairy Cattle. Members of the NE-62 Technical Committee: C. W. Arave, UT; H. C. Dickey, ME; S. N. Gaunt, MA; G.F.W. Haenlein, DE; G. L. Hargrove, PA; H. C. Hines, OH; A. C. Hunter, MN; C. A. Kiddy, ARS-USDA; R. E. Mather, NJ; P. R. Shellenberger, PA; G. W. Trimberger, NY; C. W. Young, MN;J. P. Zikakis, DE. Salaries and research support partially provided by state and federal funds appropriated to the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Journal Article Number 14-87.

² Rutgers—The State University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903.

³ Delaware Agricultural Experiment Station, Newark 19717-1303.

⁴ Utah State University, Logan 84322.

⁵ University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003.