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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 70 No. 11 2402-2405
© 1987 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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Concentrations of Glucosinolates and S-Methylcysteine Sulfoxide in Ensiled Rape (Brassica napus L.)1

S. L. Fales, D. L. Gustine2, S. C. Bosworth and R. J. Hoover

Department of Agronomy, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802

ABSTRACT

Cruciferous forages (Brassica sp.) contain glucosinolates and S-methylcysteine sulfoxide, compounds that are potentially toxic to livestock, but there is little information concerning the possible effects of ensiling on these constituents. This study compared concentrations of glucosinolates and S-methylcysteine sulfoxide in rape (Brassica napus L.) forage before and postensiling after 0, 4, or 25 h of field wilting. Field-grown rape was harvested 100 d after planting and immediately ensiled in laboratory scale silos or wilted for 4 or 25 h prior to ensiling. After 30 d, silages were frozen and stored at –20°C. Unensiled samples also were frozen at –20°C for an estimate of glucosinolates and S-methylcysteine sulfoxide in fresh forage. In addition to analysis for glucosinolates and S-methylcysteine sulfoxide, determinations were made of DM concentration in fresh and ensiled material and pH of the silage. Ensiling reduced glucosinolate concentration from approximately .3 to .03% of DM and wilting had little additional effect. Ensiling slightly but significantly reduced S-methylcysteine sulfoxide; wilting had no significant additional effect. Results of this study indicate that ensiling can effectively reduce the potential toxicity of rape forage.

FOOTNOTES

1 Joint contribution from the Pennsylvania State University, Department of Agronomy and the USDA-ARS Regional Pasture Laboratory. Journal Series Number 7505 of the Pennsylvania Agricultural Experiment Station.

2 Present address: USDA-ARS Regional Pasture Laboratory.






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Copyright © 1987 by the American Dairy Science Association ®.