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Department of Animal Science, Macdonald College of McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore Road Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada, H9X 1C0
ABSTRACT
Milk samples from 1,908 Holstein Friesian cows were phenotyped for genetic variants of 
s1 -casein, ß-casein, 
-casein, and ß-lactoglobulin. The relationships between milk protein polymorphism and test day milk yield and composition were investigated. After adjustments were made for environmental effects of herd, parity number, month of test, stage of lactation, age of sample at testing, and somatic cell count, milk protein phenotypes were found to be associated with milk yield; concentrations in fat, protein, casein, and whey protein; and proportion of casein in protein. Higher test-day milk production was associated with s1-casein BB, ß-casein A1A3, -casein AA, and ß-lactoglobulin AA phenotypes. Fat and protein concentrations were highest in milk from cows of s1-casein BC, ß-casein A1B, and -casein BB phenotypes. ß-Lactoglobulin BB milk was associated with higher percentages of fat and casein and with lower percentages of total protein and whey protein. Based on desirable fat and casein contents of milk for cheese production, it would be advantageous to select for cows bearing -casein BB and ß-lactoglobulin BB phenotypes.
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