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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 68 No. 5 1077-1086
© 1985 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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Nucleic Acids of Species of Lactobacillus1

N. Sriranganathan2, Ramon J. Seidler and W. E. Sandine

Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331-3804

ABSTRACT

Nucleic acid composition of 17 cultures representing the type or neotype strains of 15 named Lactobacillus species was studied. Nucleic acid characterization of these isolates was accompanied by a comparative study of conventional phenotypic reactions. The overall guanine plus cytosine mean deoxyribonucleic acid base composition ranged from 33 to 50% and genome sizes varied between 700 and 1500 x 106 daltons. Sporolactobacillus inulinus contained 2500 x 106 daltons of chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid and was therefore similar in size to members of the genus Bacillus. Deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization at a temperature 15°C below the thermal melting temperature confirmed the extreme molecular heterogeneity of many species. The genus can be divided into three major groups, each containing four or more species based on a combination of nucleic acid characteristics and conventional phenotypic reactions. Group I (33 to 39% guanine plus cytosine) contains Lactobacillus jensenii, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus helveticus nov. ssp. jugurt, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus salivarius, and Lactobacillus sanfrancisco. Group II (42 to 48% guanine plus cytosine contains Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei, and Lactobacillus brevis, and Group III (48 to 50% guanine plus cytosine) contains Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus delbrueckii nov. ssp. bulgaricus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii nov. ssp. lactis, Lactobacillus delbrueckii nov. ssp. leichmanii, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Lactobacillus fermentum nov. ssp. cellobiosis.

FOOTNOTES

1 Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Paper No. 4783.

2 College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061.






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