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Storage and Feeding Losses of Large Round Bales¹

Department of Dairy Science, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211
and Southwest Missouri Center, Mt. Vernon 65721
and Missouri Cluster, United States Dairy Forage Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Columbia 65211

ABSTRACT

Alfalfa was harvested in large round bales or small square bales and storage and feeding losses were determined for different storage methods. Large bales were stored 1) in a barn; 2) outside in single rows and uncovered; 3) outside in two-high stacks and covered; and 4) outside in three-high stacks and covered. These bales were fed to dairy heifers with small square bales for comparison. Dry matter storage losses were 2% for large bales stored inside, 6% for large bales stored outside covered, and 15% for large bales stored outside uncovered. Feeding losses of large bales were 12% for stored inside, 25% for stored outside uncovered, and 13 to 15% for stored outside covered. Total losses for large round bales were 40% (stored outside uncovered), 20% (stored outside covered) and 15% (stored inside). Intake and gains were greatest for small bales (2.35 kg/100 kg body weight and .77 kg/d, respectively) and least for large bales (2.11 kg/100 kg body weight and .54 kg/d) stored outside uncovered.

Rain penetrated 10 to 25 cm into uncovered bales stored outside. The resulting weathered hay, about 40% of the original bale dry weight, deteriorated. Heifers rummaged through this unpalatable material, and large feeding losses resulted. Storage and feeding losses of large round bales stored outside are economically important enough to warrant protection of bales.

¹ Contribution of the Agricultural Experiment Station. Approved by the director. Journal Series No. 9753.

² Department of Dairy Science.

³ Missouri Cluster.

⁴ Route 1, Wentworth, MO.

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