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Increased Concentration of Sodium Chloride on Milk Production of Cows Fed Low Fiber Diets¹

Department of Animal Science and Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695

³ Address correspondence to this author

ABSTRACT

Fifteen lactating Holstein cows fed a low-fiber diet were used to investigate effects of feeding high concentrations of sodium chloride on milk production and feed efficiency. Cows were fed a normal fiber diet (acid detergent fiber = 26.4%) the first 28 to 34 d following calving and then were adjusted to a low-fiber diet (acid detergent fiber = 10.3%) over the next 28 d. Following adjustment, a reversal trial had two 28-d periods. In period 1, cows in group 1 received 6.0% sodium chloride added to the concentrate dry matter, whereas group 2 received 1.2% sodium chloride (control) added to the concentrate; these treatments then were reversed. Daily hay (kg), grain (kg), organic matter (kg), and water (L) intakes averaged 2.0, 13.6, 14.5, 74.9 and 2.1, 13.6, 13.5, 91.3 for low fiber control and low fiber plus 6.0% sodium chloride. Consumption decreased with 6.0% sodium chloride supplementation, and water intake increased 22%. High sodium chloride did not change milk yield or composition. Ratio of ruminal acetate to propionate increased from 2.69 to 3.13, and fecal starch increased from 15.6 to 20.1% with 6.0% sodium chloride. Increased concentrations of sodium chloride did not change most blood measures, although potassium increased and acetate and propionate concentrations declined. Arteriovenous differences of glucose, acetate, and proprionate across the mammary gland were not affected. Feeding 6.0% versus 1.2% sodium chloride did not enhance production and feed efficiency in cows fed a low fiber diet.

¹ Paper No. 9004 of the journal series of the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh 27695. The use of trade names in this publication does not imply endorsement by the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service of the products named nor criticism of similar ones not mentioned.

² Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames 50011.

⁴ Department of statistics.