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Peripartum Changes of Plasma and Milk Vitamin A and ß-Carotene among Dairy Cows with or without Mastitis¹

Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-6320

ABSTRACT

Over 12 mo we studied the relationship between peripartum concentrations of vitamin A and ß-carotene in blood plasma and milk of 93 Holsteins with or without subsequent mastitis. Blood was sampled daily from 7 days prepartum through 7 days postpartum and on alternate weeks through wk 10 of lactation. Milk samples were collected daily for 7 days postpartum and then biweekly for 10 wk. Somatic cell counts were on biweekly milk samples. Vitamin A and ß-carotene of blood plasma decreased rapidly prepartum to reach minimum concentrations at calving (vitamin A) or on day 4 to 6 postpartum (ß-carotene). Thereafter, both vitamin A and ß-carotene increased rapidly through 10 wk postpartum. Concentrations of vitamin A and ß-carotene in colostrum were higher than concentrations in milk.

Cows with mastitis (somatic cells >5 00,000 cells/ml milk) had lower vitamin A in blood plasma during days 0 to 7 and wk 2 and 4 postpartum than cows without mastitis. When data were analyzed with log_e of somatic cell count as an independent regression variable, results were similar. In contrast to vitamin A, peripartum ß-carotene in blood plasma was higher among mastitic cows and was related to higher log_e of somatic cell count. No significant difference was observed between mastitic and non-mastitic cows for vitamin A and ß-carotene in milk. Lower concentrations of plasma vitamin A and higher concentrations of ß-carotene during the immediate postpartum period were associated with higher milk somatic cell counts among dairy cows during lactation.

¹ Supported by the Washington State Dairy Products Commission (Project 5524) and the Washington State University Agricultural and Home Economics Research Center (Project 0525). Scientific Paper No. 6660.

² 104 NE 252nd Avenue, Camas, WA 98607.

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