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Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 67 No. 10 2369-2379
© 1984 by American Dairy Science Association ®
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Dietary Fibers and Supplementary Iron in a Milk Replacer for Veal Calves1

J. F. Bernier2, F. J. Fillion and G. J. Brisson

Département de Zootechnie and Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Université Laval, Québec, Canada G1K 7P4

ABSTRACT

Thirty 1-wk-old male Holstein calves were allotted randomly to six groups into a 3 x 2 factorial design. The control diet was skim milk, whey, tallow, vitamins, and minerals. Either Alpha-Floc or pectin was added at 5% dry matter. Supplementary iron was added at 30 and 50 ppm (dry basis). The six diets were fed for 14 wk. Calves without supplementary iron were mildly anemic at 6 wk and severely at 14 wk (7 and 5 g/dl hemoglobin). At 14 wk, both fibers had decreased blood hemoglobin in calves given supplementary iron. Feed refusal began at 8 wk with the appearance of anemia for calves unsupplemented with iron, but both Alpha-Floc and pectin decreased feed refusal. Supplementary iron practically eliminated feed refusal. Supplementary iron improved average daily gain and feed conversion, but dietary fibers had no effect. Adding Alpha-Floc and pectin to the diets reduced frequency of diarrheic feces. Mean carcass weight of calves fed supplementary iron was 11.6% higher than that of unsupplemented calves. Supplementary iron decreased liver lipids and increased glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity in blood plasma.

FOOTNOTES

1 This work was made possible through financial assistance from the National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant Number A2O13).

2 Under education leave from Government of Canada, Department of Agriculture, Research Station, Lennoxville, Quebec.






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Copyright © 1984 by the American Dairy Science Association ®.