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Plasma and Liver Metabolites and Glucose Kinetics as Affected by Prolonged Ketonemia-Glucosuria and Fasting in Steers¹

Nutritional Physiology Group, Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames 50011

ABSTRACT

For 28 days, four steers received 1,3-butanediol, which causes ketonemia, and phlorizin, which causes glucosuria. Steers also were fasted for 9 days. Effects of treatments on concentrations of metabolites in blood and liver and on kinetics of glucose metabolism were determined. Treatments were: control, control with dietary butanediol plus injected phlorizin, and fasting. Fasting caused hypoinsulinemia and decreased liver glycogen by 60%. Butanediol plus phlorizin and fasting caused 18 and 19% decreases of plasma glucose and 2.5- and 6-fold increases of free fatty acid concentrations in blood plasma. Glucose irreversible loss averaged 371, 541, and 182 g/day during control, butanediol plus phlorizin treatment, and fasting. Butanediol plus phlorizin increased liver ketone body concentrations, caused glucosuria, ketonuria, and ketonemia, but did not affect insulin, glucagon, or growth hormone concentrations in plasma or triglyceride and glycogen contents in liver. Steers given butanediol plus phlorizin did not show all the usual signs of lactation ketosis, but the treatment still offers promise for studying causes and effects of ketosis.

¹ Journal Paper No. J-11125 of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Projects No. 2350 and 2389. This material is based upon work supported by the US Department of Agriculture under Agreement No. SEA-CR 901-15-160. A preliminary report was presented at the 1983 annual meeting of the American Dairy Science Assoc, University of Wisconsin [J. Dairy Sci. 66(Suppl. 1): 220]. The research represents part of a dissertation presented to Iowa State University by R. R. Lyle to fulfill partly the requirements for the Ph.D. degree.

² Ralston Purina Co., Beef and Sheep Research —2AP, Checkerboard Square, St. Louis, MO 63164.

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