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Value and Potential Use of Crop Residues and By-Products in Dairy Rations¹

Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68583

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

The lactating dairy cow is probably the most efficient domestic ruminant (95). Competition for feedstuffs with humans and monogastric animals as well as nonfood uses (such as fuel alcohol) may necessitate feeding of more noncompetitive feedstuffs to the dairy cow. During recent years, grains have been an economical source of nutrients and have been used to enhance the "quality" of dairy rations. In fact, high grain feeding is generally desirable for most economical performance of high producing cows. However, our thinking may be influenced too much by the needs of the high producing cow in early lactation. In fact, the average milk production per cow in the US is 17 kg/day (110). With this in mind, over one-half the energy fed in the total dairy production system is supplied by rations containing 60 to 63% total digestible nutrients (TDN) (78). This includes rations of replacement heifers, dry cows, and cows during the last one-half of lactation.

¹ Published with the approval of the Director as Paper No. 6207 Journal Series, Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station.